育龄期无盆底功能障碍女性盆隔裂孔的超声特征

【目的】探讨育龄期无盆底功能障碍女性盆隔裂孔的超声特征。【方法】选择未育及生育两年后育龄期无盆底功能障碍者各30例，经会阴三维超声扫描，以矢状面取耻骨联合内下缘、直肠肛管连接部及尿道的平面，重建三维超声图像，观察盆膈裂孔的形态、结构。【结果】两组患者盆隔裂孔均显示清晰，形态呈菱形，结构完整紧凑，盆隔裂孔内尿道、阴道、直肠从前至后呈直线依次排列，左右侧耻骨直肠肌对称且连续性好，两组盆隔裂孔的前后径、左右径和面积及耻骨直肠肌的厚度和夹角比较无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。【结论】三维超声技术简便易行、安全可靠，是观察女性盆底结构的一种有效的影像学方法。

Ultrasonic Characteristics of Pelvic Diaphragm Hiatus in Women Without Pelvic Floor Disease in Child- bearing Period

Objective]To explore the ultrasonic characteristics of pelvic diaphragm hiatus in women without pelvic floor diseases（PFD） in child-bearing period. Methods] Thirty cases with PFD who had no childbirth and 30 cases with PFD after two years of childbirth were enrolled in the study. All cases were examined by transperineal 313 ultrasound to show vertical plane with pubic symphysis inner inferior border, connection between rectum and anal canal together with urethra. The 3D ultrasound images were reconstructed. The mor- phology and structure of pelvic diaphragm hiatus were observed. Results] It showed clear, rhombus form and integrated pelvic diaphragm hiatus in which urethra, vagina and rectum of both groups were straight in order. The left and right Braune＇s muscles were symmetric and continuative, and there was no significant difference in anteroposterior dimension, left and right diameter and area of pelvic diaphragm hiatus, thickness and angle of Braune＇s muscles between two groups（ P 〉0.05）. Conclusion] The 3D ultrasound technology is simple, safe and reliable, so it is an effective imaging method to observe the structure of pelvic floor in women.