不同矢状骨面型无鼾症青年上气道形态的锥形束CT分析

目的研究不同矢状骨面型的无鼾症青年错牙合畸形患者上气道形态和舌骨位置的差异。方法在自然头位下,对Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类矢状骨面型无鼾症青年错牙合畸形患者各30例进行锥形束CT扫描,借助Dolphin imaging 11.0图像分析软件进行三维重建,并分别测量上气道腭后区、舌后区的矢状径、横径、轴面面积以及上气道容积,最小轴面面积和上气道长度。使用Winceph 7.0软件对侧位片进行头影测量以及舌骨位置的测量,并对测量结果进行统计学分析。结果Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类矢状骨面型组舌后区及腭后区轴面面积均小于Ⅲ类矢状骨面型组。Ⅱ类矢状骨面型组与Ⅲ类矢状骨面型组间的舌后区矢状径,横径,上气道容积,舌骨位置有显著差异性。结论不同矢状骨面型无鼾症青年错牙合畸形患者上气道形态和舌骨位置存在一定的差异,差异有统计学意义。矢状向颌骨关系对上气道形态和舌骨位置有一定影响。

Three-dimensional analysis of upper airway morphoiogy among non-snoring youths with different sagittal skeletal patterns

Objective To investigate the differences of the upper airway morphology and the hyoid position among non-snorig youths with different sagittal skeletal patterns. Methods 90 non-snoing youths with malocclusion were divided into three groups based on their ANB angles：class Ⅰ group,class Ⅱ group and class m group. CBCT scans were performed on all patients in natural head posture. Dolphin Imaging 11.0 was used for three-dimensional reconstruction. The anteroposterior （AP） and lateral （LAT） dimensions, cross-sectional areas （CSA） of retropalatal region and retroglossal region, airway volume （AV） , minimum axial area（MAA） , and length of air- way were measured. Cephalometric radiographs and the position of the hyoid bone were analyzed with Winceph 7.0. All data were sta-tistically analyzed and evaluated. Results RPCSA,RGCSA were smaller in class I and class Ⅱ group than in class Ⅲ group. RGL AT, RGAP, AV and the position of the hyoid were statistically different between Class Ⅱ and Class m group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Correlations a-mong upper airway morphology,hyoid position, and head posture were confirmed. Conclusions Differences in the upper airway mor-phology and hyoid position are statistically significant among the three groups. The upper airway morphology and the hyoid position of non-snoring youths with malocclusion can be affected by the sagittal skeletal patterns.