社区高血压流行病调查和综合预防干预效果分析

目的调查社区居民高血压患病率、高血压并发症、合并症情况，高血压病治疗现状，对确诊患者进行相关综合预防干预，提高对高血压病的知晓率、治疗率、控制率，减少并发症。方法对5109例居民进行问卷调查、体格检查及生化检测。针对确诊高血压病、糖尿病进行随访干预平均12个月，记录资料。结果调查发现，高血压的患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为19．2％、63．8％、48．2％、18．0％，糖尿病并患高血压达43．02％，高血压并患糖尿病有23．13％，两者与普通人相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。通过科学干预12个月，高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率为87．1％、79．2％、25．6％，其中高血压的治疗率、控制率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。高血压病部分并发症明显减少，其中冠心病和肾功能不全差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；用药的合理性大大提高（P〈0．05）。结论高血压病呈慢性进行性发展，并发症多，危害大，通过科学综合干预，提高治疗率和控制率，以达到预防心脑血管病发生的目标。

Analysis on epidemiological investigation and comprehensive prevention intervention effect of community hypertension

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate,complications, current treatment situation of community hypertension,and make relevant comprehensive prevention intervention for the patients with confirmed, in order to raise the awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension and reduce its complications. Methods 5109 resident were investigated by using questionnaires, physical examinations and biochemical tests. Meanwhile, an average of 12-months follow-up intervention was performed on every patient with diagnosed hypertension or diabetes, and the data were recorded. Results The investigation showed that the prevalence rate, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension was 19.2%,63.8%,48.2% and 18.0% respectively, and the proportion of diabetes complicated with hypertension was 43.02%, while that of hypertension complicated with diabetes was 23.13%, there was significant difference between the both above and healthy people（P 〈 0.05）. After an average of 12-months scientific comprehensive intervention,the awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension was 87.1%,79.2% and 25.6% respectively,of which the difference was significant between the treatment rate and control rate of hypertension（P 〈 0.05）.Some complications of hypertension reduced markedly, of which the difference was significant between complicated with coronary heart disease and renal insuffieiency（P 〈 0.05）;The rationality of drug use improved greatly（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Hypertension shows a chronic progressive development, accompanied by numerous complications as well as great harm. Scientific comprehensive intervention can raise the treatment rate and control rate to prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.