抗菌药物不良反应56例报告分析

目的了解我院抗菌药物不良反应（ADR）的发生规律及分布情况，旨在为指导临床合理安全使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法分析我院2011年6月～2013年6月临床科室上报的56例抗菌药物不良反应报告，并按抗菌药物种类、名称、给药途径、ADR临床表现等进行回顾性统计分析。结果56例抗菌药物不良反应报告中以静脉给药为主，引起ADR的抗菌药物以头孢菌素类（占41．07％）、喹诺酮类药物（占19．64％）及大环内酯类（占14．29％）居于前三位，临床表现以皮肤症状多见，其次为消化系统及神经系统等；较严重的有过敏性休克。结论医院应加强抗菌药物ADR监测，以减少或避免ADR的发生，为临床合理安全使用抗菌药物提供参考依据。

Retrospective analysis on 56 reports of antimicrobial drug adverse reaction

Objective To investigate the occurrence and distribution of antimicrobial drug adverse reaction in our hospital, in order to provide the guidance basis for the rational and safe use of antimicrobial agents in clinical. Methods 56 reports of antimicrobial drug adverse reaction from clinical departments in our hospital from June 2011 to June 2013 were analyzed, and done retrospective statistical analysis according to the antibacterial drug type, name, route of administration, ADR clinical manifestations. Results In 56 reports of antimicrobial drug adverse reaction, the intravenous administration was the main, the top three antibacterial drugs which caused adverse drug reaction were cephalosporins（accounting for 41.07%）, quinolones（accounting for 19.64%） and macrolides （accounting for 14.29%） in turn. The common clinical manifestation was skin symptoms, followed by digestive and nervous systems symptoms, and anaphylactic shock was more serious. Conclusion The antimicrobial drug adverse reaction monitoring should he strengthened in order to reduce or avoid the occurrence of adverse drug reaction and provide the reference for the rational and safe use of antimicrobial agents in clinical.