The validity of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire in a Greek sample: Tests of measurement invariance and latent mean differences |
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| Institution: | 1. Royal Holloway, University of London, United Kingdom;2. Universität Hamburg, Germany;1. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Crete, Rethymno 74100, Crete, Greece;2. Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece;1. Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States;2. Department of Outpatient Psychiatry, James J. Peter Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Psychiatry, Bronx, NY, United States;3. Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC VISN 3), James J. Peter Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States;4. Research & Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States;5. Department of Biostatistics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States;1. Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States;2. Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States;3. Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN3), James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States;4. Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, United States;1. Department of Educational Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain;2. Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain;3. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland;4. Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;5. Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;6. Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA;7. Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;8. School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia;9. Department of Psychology,University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand;10. Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA;11. Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;12. Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Louisiana, LA, USA;13. Departments of Criminology, Psychiatry,and Psychology,University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;14. Department of Psychiatry, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA;15. Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA;p. Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA;q. Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain;r. Department of Psychology, University of La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain;s. Department of Psychology, University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece;t. Genneruxi Medical Center, Cagliari, Italy;u. Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA;v. Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;w. Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium;x. Psychiatry Department, University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia;y. Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia;z. Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry, Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia;11. Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia;12. Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia;13. Department of Psychology, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK;14. Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, School of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;15. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Oviedo, Spain;16. Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK;17. NORMENT – Norwegian Center of Excellence for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) is a widely used scale for measuring schizotypal characteristics modeled on DSM-III-R criteria for schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). The aim of this study was to examine the factorial structure of the Greek SPQ, its factorial invariance across gender and different age groups and possible gender and age group differences at latent mean level.MethodsEight hundred sixty-five community participants completed the Greek version of the SPQ.ResultsWith regard to the factorial structure of the original first-order model, the results showed that a seven-factor model (sub-scales “no close friends” with “constricted affect” and “ideas of reference” with “unusual perceptual experiences” were combined) was replicated adequately. Furthermore, the second-order “paranoid” model provided also adequate fit. With regard to the factorial invariance of the SPQ across gender and age, the analysis revealed that both, the first- and second-order models showed measurement invariance (configural, metric and structural) across gender and age groups (17–35 vs. 36–70). Latent mean differences across gender and age groups were also found.ConclusionsBased on these findings, we can conclude that the Greek version of the SPQ is a psychometrically sound instrument for measuring schizotypal characteristics and a useful screening tool for SPD across gender and age. |
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