膜融合脂质体为载体的黑色素瘤疫苗的研究

 目的制备膜融合脂质体为载体的黑色素瘤疫苗，并评价免疫小鼠所产生的细胞免疫和体液免疫。方法从B₁₆黑色素瘤中提取混合蛋白质作为抗原，将其包封在脂质体中并与仙台病毒融合形成的膜融合脂质体，制成疫苗。考察膜融合脂质体的形态及粒径分布，测定小鼠免疫后的细胞毒T淋巴细胞(CTL)反应活性及血浆中总的IgG的浓度。结果以普通脂质体为载体或游离的蛋白质制备的疫苗只能产生体液免疫反应而不能诱发细胞毒T淋巴细胞反应；以膜融合脂质体为载体的疫苗既可产生体液免疫又可诱发强烈的CTL反应(P＜0.001)，并能抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。结论膜融合脂质体是一种有效的肿瘤疫苗载体。

Study on melanoma vaccine using membrane fusogenic liposomes as the vector

OBJECTIVE To study the preparation of melanoma vaccine formulated with membrane fusogenic liposome and evaluate the cellular and systemic immune responses in immunized mice.METHODS The antigen,mixed protein extracted from B 16 melanoma cell,was encapsulated in membrane fusogenic liposomes prepared by fusing simple liposomes with Sendai virus.The liposomes were characterized for their sizes and shapes by laser light granule analysis instrument and transmission electron microscope.The cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response level was evaluated by 51 Cr release method,and the concentration of IgG in serum was measured by enzyme immunoassay.RESULTS The vaccine formulated with simple liposomes or free protein induced systemic response,but did not induce CTL response.However,melanoma vaccine formulated with membrane fusogenic liposome elicited not only systemic immune response but also strong CTL response ( P <0.001),and inhibited the growth of tumor.CONCLUSION Membrane fusogenic liposomes is effective as a vector for anti tumor vaccine.