双硫仑样反应83例临床分析及总结

目的探讨双硫仑样反应发生机制、临床表现特点、救治过程以及预防。方法对2009年8月至2012年8月我院收治的83例双硫仑样反应患者进行回顾性分析及总结。结果双硫仑样反应发生于不同性别（男性多于女性）、不同年龄阶段（以青壮年为主）;常见致双硫仑样反应的抗生素有头孢菌素类、硝基咪唑类以及两类药物联合应用,静脉给药途径多于其他给药途径;双硫仑样反应症状多发生于接触乙醇制品后5～30分钟;反应的发生与接触乙醇制品的量无关,但反应的严重程度可能与接触乙醇制品的量有关。结论应用头孢类和硝基咪唑类抗生素前应详细询问有无接触乙醇制品的病史,并且在用药期间、停药后1周内严禁接触乙醇制品。一旦双硫仑反应发生应准确判断,避免误诊误治延误病情,造成不良后果。

Clinical analysis and summary of 83 patients who suffered disulfiram-like reactions

Objective To study the pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, treatment process and prevention of disulfiram-like reaction. Methods The data of 83 patients who were di- agnosed disulfiram-like reactions during August 2009 to August 2012 in the Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College were backward-analyzed and summarized. Results Disulfiram-like reac- tion took place in different gender（men more than women）, different age stages（in young and middle-aged primarily）; the antibiotics that caused disulfiram-like reaction included cephalosporins, nitroimidazoles and two drugs combined than other routes; most of symptoms of disu if and intravenous route of administration was more iram-like reaction occurred during 5 -30 minutes after exposure to ethanol products; the occur of the disulfiram-like reaction was unrelated to the quantity of ethanol products, but the severity of the reaction might be related to the quantity of ethanol products. Conclusion Before patients get cephalosporins and nitroimidazoles antibiotics, doctors should know their detailed medical history of contacting ethanol products. Besides it is strictly prohibited to contact alcohol products during the time adopting these medicines and even within one week after discontinuation. Once disulfiram-like reaction happen, it should be confirmed and avoided the misdiagnosis and mistreatment to prevent the undesirable results