高血压病患者心脏结构与功能的超声研究

探讨高血压病患者心脏结构与功能及血流动力学的关系。方法用超声心动图（ＵＣＧ）对１０５例高血压病患者与４５例健康人对比分析。结果高血压病患者舒张末室间隔厚度（ＩＶＳＴ）、舒张末左室后壁厚度（ＬＶＰＷＴ）、左室重量指数（ＬＶＭＩ）均较对照组显著增加（Ｐ＜０．００１），ＬＶＭＩ增加占７４．２％，对称性左室肥厚占６６．６％，非对称性室间肥厚（ＡＳＴ）占７．６％，外周血管阻力（ＰＶＲ），左室作功指数（ＬＶＷＩ）较对照组显著增高（Ｐ＜０．００１），平均动脉压与ＩＶＳＴ、ＬＶＰＷＴ、ＬＶＭ、ＬＶＷＩ呈低度相关，与ＰＶＲ呈高度相关（ｒ＝０．７６５Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论提示高血压病患者心脏结构改变主要表现为ＩＶＳ或／和ＬＶＰＷ肥厚，ＬＶＭ增加，不同的心脏结构改变对心功能及血流动力学变化有着不同的影响。

Echocardiographic study of cardiac structure and function in patients with essential hypertension

Objective To study the relationship among cardiac structure, function and hemodynamics in patients with essential hypertension.Methods The contrast analysis was done between 105 patients and 45 healthy people by ultrasound cardiogram (UCG). Results The end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness (IVST),the end-diastolic left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LVPWT)and the left ventricular mass (LVM)increased significantly in hypertensive patients group in contrast with those in the normal subjects (P< 0.001 ).An increased left ventricular mass index (LVMI)was found in 74.2%of all the cases ,symmetrical left ventricular hypertrophy in 66.6% and increased asymmetric septum thichness (AST)in 7.6%.The peripheral vascular resistance (PVR)and the left ventricular work index (LVWI)to increared more markedly than those in normal group(P< 0.001 ).The mean arterial pressure correlated poorly to IVST,LVPMT,LVM and LVWI,but strongly to PVR(r=0.765,P<0.001). Conclusion The changes in cardiac structure in patients with essential hypertension were characterized mainly by thickness of interventricular septum or (and )left ventricular posterior wall and the increase of LVM.Different changes in cardiac structure have different affections on cardiac function and hemodynamics .