数字影像—PACS—远程影像学及其在我国的发展前景

数字影像有别于模拟影像在于可以毫不费力地相互混合，同时或分别地被重复使用，并且可以以光速传输，通过数据压缩和纠正错误的功能，能够在非常昂贵或杂音充斥的信道上准确、快速地传递，这是进行PACS建设所必须的。PACS则是医院管理系统的一部分，包括医学影像的获取、数据库与数据库管理、在线存储、离线归档、图像显示与处理、RIS／HIS的接口、胶片打印，通过PACS的建立能够达到异地访问、图像复制、同步显示、快速传送，并且易于病变的观察和诊断。远程影像学作为一种高科技手段正在蓬勃发展，它将充分发挥专家优势，能够使异地的患者同样享受高水平的影像诊断，并且有利于大样本的医学影像研究和各种教育的需要。目前数字影像除一些大医院正在完成或努力建设中以外，中小型医院还需相当长的一段时间才能够完成。PACS由于技术含量高、各种设备缺乏统一标准，所需费用巨大，造成开发与建设的困难，真正达到HIS系统下使用的PACS尚未见到。对于地域广泛、医疗水平差别较大的我国，远程医学影像是非常有意义，也是非常需要的。但是现有国情下，如果需要建立和完善远程医学影像学则需要国家或公司的大量投入，才能够完成远程医学影像学和远程医学的建设，才能真正提高农村医疗水平。而单纯依靠基层医院，则需要数年，以至10数年才能够完成。

Digital image-PACS teleimage and its development prospect in our country

Digital image is different from analog image in that the former can be mixed and repeatedly used at the same time or separately and can be transmitted as the velocity of light.With the function of data compression and mistake correction,information can flow in a very expensive or noisy way and can be transmitted accurately and quickly.These are the requirements of PACS construction.PACS is an important part of hospital administration which includes:acquiring medical images;data and data base management;filing on line and storage off line;RIS/HIS interface.The development of PACS also facilitates quick conveying of images both inside and outside the radiology department;image printing and synchronous demonstration.With high-speed networks and web-based technology,images obtained at one site can be observed by radiology experts thousands of miles away.It will fully display the role of experts ability.Patients in different places can enjoy the same high level diagnosis.It will favor large series imaging research and will fulfill the requirements of education in different fields.However,digitalimage has only been completed or constructed in some big hospitals in our country at present ,and in the middle or small hospitals they still have a long way to go.Owing to high technology;lack of unified standard of various equipment;and huge costs required,it causes difficulty in the development and construction of PACS.Therefore,genuinely achieving PACS use under the HIS is not seen yet.Due to the extensive area and wide difference in medical level in our country,teleimaging communicating system is very important and necessary.But the national condition at present,in order to establish and improve teleimaging system a large financial fund from nation and big companies are needed.Depending merely on the basic hospital itself,construction of teleimaging and telemedicine will have to take several years or even more than ten years.