颈静脉孔区显微解剖

目的研究颈静脉孔区显微解剖。方法对30个头颅标本,60侧颈静脉孔进行显微解剖和观察,并记录数据和留取图像资料。结果颈静脉孔可划分为三部分:前内侧的岩下窦和舌咽神经,中间的迷走神经和副神经,后外侧的乙状窦。岩下窦以三种形式回流颈静脉球:穿舌咽神经和迷走神经之间,穿迷走神经和副神经下方,形成短静脉与颈内静脉伴行,三种形式可同时存在,也可单独出现。椎动脉可位于舌下神经的腹侧,穿舌下神经之间或位于舌下神经背侧。小脑后下动脉可勾绕副神经根丝,穿副神经根丝或副神经.迷走神经之间,穿迷走神经根丝或勾绕舌咽神经的上方。结论颈静脉孔结构复杂,详尽的解剖研究可提高本区域手术成功率。

Microanatomy of jugular foramen

Objective To study the microanatomy of jugular foramen. Method 60 jugular foramen of 30 specimens studied under the microscope. Result The Jugular foramen separated into three parts inferior petrosal sinus and glossopharyngeal nerve anteromedially, sigmoid sinus psotero-laterally, and vagus nerve and accessory nerve in the middle. The inferior petrosal sinus drainage into the jugular bulb in three different routes between the glossopharyngeal nerve and the vagus nerve, under the vagus and accessory nerves, compose a short vein with internal jugulor vein. The vertebral artery may ventral to the rootlets of hypoglossal nerve, back of the rootlets, or pass between the rootlets. The PICA may circle lower to the acce ssory nerve, passing through the cranial rootlets of accessory nerve or the lower rootlets of vagus nerve , passing through the superior root-lets of vagus nerve or circle above the glossopharyngeal nerve. Conclusion The jugular foramen is a complex area, detaied anatomic study may improve the success of surgery.