1284份痰标本分枝杆菌涂片镜检与培养结果分析

摘要：目的 通过痰标本分枝杆菌涂片镜检与培养结果分析，了解平谷区实验室分枝杆菌痰涂片和培养方法的质量控制情况。方法 收集1284份痰标本，采用中国防痨协会推荐的直接涂片萋尼(Ziehl-Neelsen)染色法和分枝杆菌分离培养方法进行检查。结果 涂片阳性率12.2％(157/1284)，分离培养阳性率12.9％(166/1284)。初诊痰标本涂阳培阳率为11.1％（106/958），涂阴培阳率为4.0％（38/958），涂阳培阴率为0.5％（5/958）；随访患者涂阳培阴率为8.6％（28/326），涂阳培阴标本痰菌量87.9％（29/33）在2+以下，71.4％（20/28）涂阳培阴出现在治疗第2、3个月末的痰标本。随访患者涂阳培阴率明显高于初诊患者，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。本年度抽检玻片盲法复检，未发生定性错误和阳性结果的量化误差。结论 通过涂片镜检和分枝杆菌分离培养结果的比较，能够相互印证送检标本检查结果的准确性。平谷区实验室分枝杆菌痰涂片和培养方法的质量控制有待改善和提高。

Analysis on the result of smear and culture for Mycobacteria tuberculosis from 1284 sputum specimens

Objective To understand the laboratory quality control of acid-fast bacilli(AFB) and culture for Mycobacteria tuberculosis from sputum specimens in Pinggu district,and to explore the factors that affected the results of AFB and culture in order to enhance detective rate of smear-and culture-positive sputum specimens. Method 1284 sputum specimens from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were detected by Ziehl-Neelsen staining and culture for Mycobacteria tuberculosis followed the method recommended by the C...