Insulin resistance and hippocampal volume in women at risk for Alzheimer's disease |
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Authors: | Natalie L. Rasgon Heather A. KennaTonita E. Wroolie Ryan KelleyDaniel Silverman John BrooksKatherine E. Williams Bevin N. PowersJoachim Hallmayer Allan Reiss |
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Affiliation: | a Stanford Center for Neuroscience in Women's Health, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States b Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States c Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States d Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, United States e Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States |
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Abstract: | Insulin resistance (IR) is the main pathological condition underlying vascular disorders, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which are well established risk factors for cognitive decline and Alzheimer disease (AD). Hippocampal atrophy has been associated with cognitive decline, but little is known about the influence of IR on hippocampus integrity in non-diabetic, cognitively intact individuals. Herein, 50 women ages 50-65, current users of hormone therapy, underwent magnetic resonance imaging, cognitive testing, and homeostatic assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), as part of a longitudinal study examining brain structure and function in postmenopausal women at risk for AD. Results demonstrated a significant negative relationship between HOMA-IR and right and total hippocampal volume, overall cognitive performance, and selective tests of verbal and non-verbal memory. The main effect of HOMA-IR on brain structure and cognition was not altered by the presence of APOE-ε4 allele or by reproductive history, such as duration of endogenous and exogenous estrogen exposure. These results suggest that IR in middle-aged individuals at risk for AD may be biomarker for dementia risk. |
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Keywords: | Insulin resistance Postmenopausal women Alzheimer's disease Hippocampal volume APOE-ε4 Dementia risk |
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