彝族贫困农村妇女住院分娩行为及其影响因素研究

目的明了凉山州彝族贫困农村妇女住院分娩现状,探讨其住院分娩行为的影响因素,为进一步改善凉山州彝族贫困农村妇女住院分娩行为提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,抽取四川省凉山彝族自治州5个国家级贫困县的孩子年龄为3～24个月的彝族农村妇女为调查对象。通过面对面问卷访谈获取相关资料,访谈问卷内容包括被访妇女的基本特征、孕期健康状况、孕期保健知识知晓情况以及卫生服务机构可及性情况。采用χ2检验进行单因素分析,并运用多因素Logistic回归分析彝族贫困农村妇女住院分娩的影响因素。结果共调查760例彝族农村妇女,住院分娩率为48. 28%。多因素分析结果显示,妇女文化程度(OR=3. 221,P<0. 01)、妇女怀孕胎次(OR=0. 283,P<0. 01)及妇女产前检查次数(OR=2. 560,P<0. 01)是影响彝族农村妇女住院分娩行为的主要因素。结论彝族贫困农村妇女住院分娩率仍然较低,建议增强彝族贫困农村妇女产前检查的健康教育,特别是针对文化程度偏低的妇女和经产妇,从而改善其住院分娩行为。

Study on hospitalized delivery behavior and influencing factors of poor rural women of Yi nationality

Objective To analyze the current situation of hospitalized delivery of poor rural women of Yi nationality in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture,explore the influencing factors of hospitalized delivery behavior,provide a scientific basis for further improving hospitalized delivery behavior of poor rural women of Yi nationality. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select rural women of Yi nationality with children aged 3-24 months old from five national-level poverty-stricken counties in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture as respondents. A face-to-face interview was performed to obtain related data. The interview content included the basic characteristics,gestational situation,awareness rate of gestational health care,and feasibility of health service institutions.χ2 test was used for univariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of hospitalized delivery of poor rural women of Yi nationality. Results A total of 760 rural women of Yi nationality were surveyed,hospitalized delivery rate was 48. 28%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that maternal educational level ( OR= 3. 221,P<0. 01),the times of pregnancy ( OR= 0. 283,P< 0. 01),and the number of prenatal examination ( OR = 2. 560,P<0. 01) were main influencing factors of hospitalized delivery behavior of poor rural women of Yi nationality. Conclusion Hospitalized delivery rate of poor rural women of Yi nationality is still low,and it is suggested to enhance health education of prenatal examination to improve hospitalized delivery behavior,especially for the women with low educational level and multiparous women.