以眼科症状首诊的鼻咽癌MRI特征

目的 探讨以眼科症状首诊的鼻咽癌患者的MRI表现.方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的22例鼻咽癌患者Ⅲ、Ⅳ和(或)Ⅵ组颅神经侵犯的临床及MRI表现.结果 22例鼻咽癌患者病变均沿眼运动神经走行分布区浸润扩散.22例患者中复视者14例.发生外展神经、动眼神经和滑车神经不全麻痹者分别为12例(16侧)、6例(7侧)和3例(4侧).MRI表现:海绵窦受累表现为增厚型(8例共10侧)或肿块型(14例共16侧);眶上裂扩大4例4侧,眶上裂软组织信号影9例共10侧;眼外肌受累8例共10侧,表现为眼外肌增粗、周围脂肪间隙模糊伴异常强化;10例动态增强扫描显示鼻咽部病变与海绵窦、眶内病变的动态增强扫描曲线一致,均表现为速升平台型.结论 眼运动神经损害是鼻咽癌的首诊症状之一,应用MR检查可以明确诊断.

MRI findings of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in patients presenting with ocular signs

Objective To study the MRI features of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in patients who presented with ocular abnormalities. Methods The clinical signs and MRI features of Ⅲ, Ⅳ and/or Ⅵ cranial nerve involvement in 22 cases of histologically proved nasopharyngeal carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. Results All 22 cases showed perineural tumor spread along the course of Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅵ cranial nerve. Diplopia was the most common sign, occurred in 14/22 patients. The incidence of incomplete palsy of Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅵ cranial nerve were 16/44, 7/44 and 4/44, respectively. There were four types of abnormal MRI findings: cavernous sinus thickening (10/44) and mass ( 16/44), superior orbital fissure enlargement (4/44) and abnormal signals (9/44), thickened oculomotor muscles with obscured adjacent fatty space and abnormal enhancement (10/44). The dynamic contrast enhancement patterns of the masses in cavernous sinus and orbital were the same as that of nasopharynx lesions; all appeared as rapid initial enhancement followed by a plateau phase. Conclusion Oculomotor nerve involvement can be the first clinical signs of NPC, and MRI can show the perineural extension along the Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅵ cranial nerve in NPC.