泰安地区7个月～7岁儿童缺铁性贫血流行病学调查分析

目的了解泰安地区7个月7岁以下儿童缺铁性贫血（iron deficiency anemia,IDA）现状及其影响因素。方法采取整群分层抽样方法,所抽取的市县基本一区（街道）一村,对其儿童进行体检、病史询问、膳食调查和末梢血血常规检测。结果泰安地区7个月7岁儿童IDA为8.8%,7个月12个月IDA为21.2%,13个月36个月IDA为8%,37个月7岁IDA为3.4%。各年龄组差异有显著意义（P〈0.001）。泰山区三联社区发病率最低,为2.8%,宁阳县鹤山乡最高,为15.7%。影响IDA的因素有家庭经济收入情况、父母的文化程度、职业、米粉及辅食添加时间、种类及是否患有腹泻、呼吸道疾病。结论不同年龄组儿童IDA患病率不同,年龄越低患病率越高;IDA的发生发展与经济水平和营养状况关系密切。

Epidemiological study on prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and its influential factors in children aged 7 months to 7 years in the Taian area

Objective： To obtain the information on iron deficiency anemia（IDA） status and its influential factors in children under 7 years old in the Taian area.Methods： A regional stratified sampling survey was carried out by questionnaire,physical examination and cyanmethemoglobin assay.Results： Throughout all children selected from the Taian area,the prevalence rate of IDA was 8.8%.The prevalence rate was the highest in infants aged 7 to 12 months（21.2%）,followed by toddlers aged 13 to 36 months（8%）,and the preschoolers aged 37 months to 7 years（3.4%）.The differences between the various age groups were of statistical significance（P〈0.01）.The prevalence rate in Sanlian Community was the lowest（2.8%）,while that in Heshan Town of Ningyang County was the highest（15.7%）.The influential factors included family economic status,education level of their parents,the time and kind of adding rice flour and other complimentary foods,as well as the presence of diarrhea and respiratory diseases.Conclusion： Children of different age have different prevalence rate of IDA,which are higher in younger age groups.The susceptibility of children in underdeveloped regions to development of IDA may be closely related to lower economic status of their families and poor hygienic conditions.