30例非结核分枝杆菌肺部感染患者的临床特征分析

目的探讨非结核分枝杆菌肺病的临床特点，为临床准确诊断和治疗提供科学依据。方法痰标本分离培养采用传统酸性改良罗氏培养基，菌种鉴定采用十一对硝基苯甲酸培养及作为鉴别培养基以鉴别结核分枝杆菌复合群和非结核分枝杆菌（Nontuberculous Mycobacteria，NTM）。结果2012年1月-2013年8月痰培养阳性的692份痰标本中有30份为非结核分枝杆菌，其中16例新患者、14例复治患者，年龄在15-80岁之间；其中男性25例，女性5例；肺部感染病灶面积占两个肺野以上的有22例，占73％；病灶在右上肺者20例，占66％，耐药率从高到低的顺序依次为异烟肼（H）〉链霉素（S）〉卡那霉素（Km）〉利福平（R）〉乙胺丁醇（E）〉氧氟沙星（Ofx），同时耐异烟肼（H）、利福平（R）20例，同时耐异烟肼（H）、利福平（R）、氧氟沙星（Ofx）、卡那霉素（Km）15例。结论非结核分枝杆菌肺部感染面积较广泛，病灶多累及右上肺，耐药率高。

The clinical characteristics analysis on 30 cases of nontuberculosis mycobacterium lung infection patients

Objective To expl scientific basis for the clinic ore the clinical characteristics of mycobacterium al diagnosis and treatment accurately. Methods tuberculosis lung disease, provide Sputum specimen separation culture made use of traditional acid improved Lowenstein -Jensen culture medium, species identification using 11 pairs of nitro benzoic acid and as a differential medium to identify composite and non mycobacterium tuberculosis mycobacterium tuberculosis. Results From January 2012 to August 2013, sputum cultured had 692 of positive sputum specimens with 30 cases of non - tuberculosis mycobacteria. , there were 16 new patients and 14 untreated patients, aged between 15 - 80 years old; 25 male and 5 female. Lung infection lesions area accounted for more than two lung field in 22 cases, accounted for 73% ; There were 20 cases the lesions in the upper right lung, accounted for 66%, drug resistance rate ranked from great to small as follows： isoniazid （H） 〉 streptomycin （S） 〉 kanamycin （Kin） 〉 rifampin （R） 〉 ethambutol （E） 〉 ofloxac （Ofx）, 20 cases resistance to isoniazid （H） , rifampin （R） simultaneously, 15 cases resistance to isoniazid （H） ri- fampin （R） ofloxac （Ofx） kanamycin （Kin） simultaneously. Conclusions The mycobacterium tuberculosis lung infection area is broader, more lesions involving upper right lung, drug resistance