软组织平衡技术在维吾尔族膝外翻人工关节置换中的应用

背景：因地域环境和饮食习惯致使新疆本地维吾尔族肥胖和骨关节炎患者较多，目前进行人工膝关节置换的患者日益增多，软组织平衡技术在不同体质和民族患者的人工膝关节置换过程中应如何掌握和进一步应用成为许多学者关注的焦点。目的：分析软组织平衡技术在新疆维吾尔族膝外翻患者人工全膝关节表面置换中的应用效果。方法：2009年2月至2010年12月针对60例(72膝)重度膝骨关节炎伴一定程度膝外翻患者采用膝前外侧入路及个体化的软组织平衡方法行全膝关节表面置换。随访方式为门诊随访，拍X射线片测量股胫角(即股骨和胫骨解剖轴线夹角的补角)；定期随访评估美国膝关节协会(KSS)临床评分及功能评分，以评估膝关节功能。结果与结论：随访6-35个月，总计有57例患者获得随访。患者股胫角由置换前27.9°降至5.6°，KSS临床评分由置换前16.7 分提高到87.5分，KSS功能评分由置换前7.9分提高到85.2分。置换前及末次随访评分差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.01)。57例患者置换后外翻畸形均得到完全矫正，且关节稳定性良好。提示在重度膝骨关节炎伴一定程度外翻畸形的患者中，选择个体化的软组织平衡方案，可以有效矫正软组织失衡并获得较为满意的修复效果。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程

Application of soft tissue balancing technique in artificial joint replacement in Uighur with genu valgum

BACKGROUND:Because the geographical environment and diet cause obesity and osteoarthritis in Xinjiang Uygur local patients, the number of patients became more. At present, more and more patients received artificial knee replacement. How to master and further apply the technology of soft tissue balance during artificial knee replacement in patients of different physical fitness and nations becomes the focus of many scholars. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the clinical efficacy of soft tissue balance in Xinjiang Uygur patients with knee valgus in total knee replacement.METHODS:A total of 60 cases (72 knees) with severe knee osteoarthritis with a certain degree of knee valgus were subjected to total knee replacement through anterior lateral approach and individualized soft tissue balance from February 2009 to December 2010. Follow-up mode was the clinic visit. X-ray was used to measure tibiofemoral angle (i.e., the supplementary angle of the included angle between anatomic axis of femur and tibia). Clinical score and functional score of American knee society knee score were applied to assess knee joint function. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 57 patients were followed up for 6-35 months. The tibiofemoral angle decreased from 27.9° preoperatively to 5.6° postoperatively. Clinical score of American knee society knee score elevated from 16.7 points preoperatively to 87.5 postoperatively. Functional score of American knee society knee score elevated from 7.9 points preoperatively to 85.2 postoperatively. Significant differences in preoperative and final follow-up scores were detected (P < 0.01). Valgus deformity was corrected and joint stability was good in 57 patients after replacement. These findings indicate that in patients with severe knee osteoarthritis and valgus deformity, to select individualized treatment of soft tissue balance can effectively correct soft tissue imbalance and get more satisfactory clinical results.