太极拳对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能和运动耐力影响的Meta分析

背景：研究显示太极拳运动能够缓解慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能下降，提高运动耐力，但也有研究发现太极拳运动对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的肺功能和运动耐力并没有达到改善的效果。 目的：系统评价太极拳锻炼对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能和运动耐力的影响。 方法：计算机检索PubMed，EMBASE，Web of Science，The Cochrane Library英文数据库和中国知网、万方和维普中文数据库中1980年1月至2014年7月间的文献资料。纳入太极拳对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者干预的随机对照试验，包括太极拳运动干预组和常规药物或是健康教育对照组。 结果与结论：共计纳入6个随机对照试验，共406例患者。Meta分析结果显示，与对照组相比，太极拳运动明显改善了慢性阻塞性肺疾患者第1秒用力呼气容积与用力肺活量比值百分比水平(MD=4.62，95%CI：0.73-8.51，P=0.02)、第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比水平(MD=4.95，95%CI：0.33-9.57，P=0.04)、6 min步行距离水平(MD=33.81，95%CI：6.00-61.62，P=0.02)，但第1秒用力呼气容积在太极拳组与对照组间未见显著性差异(MD=0.02，95%CI：-0.10-0.14，P=0.76)。结果证实，太极拳运动有效了改善老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的肺功能和运动耐力，对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者产生了积极的康复效果。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程全文链接：

Effects of Tai Chi exercise on lung function and exercise endurance of old patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a Meta-analysis

BACKGROUND:Tai Chi exercise can relieve the decreasing lung function and increase exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but some studies found that Tai Chi exercise did not achieve the desired improvement effect in patients. OBJECTIVE:To objectively evaluate the rehabilitation effects in lung function and exercise endurance of Tai Chi exercise on old patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS:A computer-based online retrieval of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP and WanFang databases between January 1980 and July 2014 were searched. Randomized controlled trials of Tai Chi intervening in old patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were collected, including Tai Chi exercise intervention group and drug or physical education control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 6 randomized controlled trials were included, with 406 patients. The results of Meta-analyses showed that, compared with the control group, Tai Chi exercise obviously improved the percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (MD=4.62, 95%CI: 0.73-8.51, P=0.02), the percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second to the prediction value (MD=4.95, 95%CI: 0.33-9.57, P=0.04) and 6-minutes walking distance (MD=33.81, 95%CI: 6.00-61.62, P=0.02) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Forced expiratory volume in one second showed no significant difference between Tai Chi exercise intervention group and control group (MD=0.02, 95%CI: -0.10, 0.14, P=0.76). Tai Chi exercise could improve the lung function and exercise endurance in old patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and has positive rehabilitation effects.