江苏省卫生资源配置公平性研究△

目的：分析江苏省2010年与2020年医疗卫生资源配置及公平性状况，为优化江苏省卫生资源配置提供数据参考。方法：利用洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数评价江苏省卫生机构数、床位数和卫生技术人员数配置公平性，用泰尔指数衡量江苏省地区间、地区内的公平性差异及其贡献率。结果：2010年到2020年，江苏省每千人职业医师数从1.64人增加到3.16人，每千人注册护士数从1.56人增加至3.47人，每千人床位数从3.42张增加至6.31张；2020年江苏省卫生资源配置的洛伦兹曲线较2010年更接近绝对公平线；2020年卫生机构、床位和卫技人员的基尼系数均低于2010年，卫生资源关于人口和关于地理面积配置的基尼系数均低于0.4；泰尔指数提示江苏省卫生资源关于人口的配置公平性高于面积公平性，卫生资源配置差异主要来源于苏北苏中苏南组内。结论：江苏省卫生资源人均占有量2020年较2010年大幅提高，卫生资源配置公平性不断改善，这得益于政府着力推进医疗改革，不断优化医疗资源配置。地区间经济发展水平不同是造成卫生资源配置差异的重要因素，应根据地区实际健康需要优化卫生资源配置。

Research on Equity of Health Resources Allocation in Jiangsu Province△

Objective：To analyze the allocation and equity of medical and health resources in Jiangsu Province in 2010 and 2020，and provide data reference for optimizing the allocation of health resources in Jiangsu Province. Methods：Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient were used to evaluate the equity of the number of health institutions，beds and health technicians in Jiangsu Province，and theil index was used to measure the equity differences and their contribution rates between regions in Jiangsu Province. Results：From 2010 to 2020，the number of professional doctorsper 1，000 people in Jiangsu Province increased from 1.64 to 3.16，the number of registered nurses per 1，000 people in Jiangsu Provinceincreased from 1.56 to 3.47，and the number of beds per 1，000 people in Jiangsu Provinceincreased from 3.42 to 6.31. The Lorenz curve of health resources allocation in Jiangsu province in 2020 is closer to the absolute fair line than in 2010；In 2020，the Gini coefficient of health institutions，beds and health technicians in Jiangsu Province is lower than that in 2010，and the Gini coefficient of health resources about population and geographical area allocation is lower than 0.4. Theil index suggested that the fairness of health resources allocation in Jiangsu Province is higher than that in area，and the differences in health resources allocation mainly come from the groups in northern Jiangsu，central Jiangsu and southern Jiangsu. Conclusion：Compared with 2010，the per capita share of health resources in Jiangsu Province has greatly increased in 2020，and the fairness of health resources allocation has been continuously improved，which is due to the government’s efforts to promote medical and health reform and continuously optimize the allocation of medical resources. The different levels of economic development among regions are the important factors causing the differences in the allocation of health resources，and the allocation of health resources should be optimized according to the actual health needs of regions.