更换敷料不同频率对新生儿PICC导管穿刺口感染的影响

目的 探讨敷料不同更换频率对新生儿PICC导管穿刺口感染情况的影响,为选定适合新生儿的敷料更换频率提供理论依据.方法 对95例实施PICC的新生儿进行前瞻性研究,随机分为3组,分别每3,5,7 d更换敷料,观察穿刺口感染情况并进行病原学检测,同时观察与敷料更换有关的并发症发生情况.结果 每3d更换敷料组患儿31例,发生穿刺口感染3例占9.68%,每5 d更换敷料组患儿34例,发生穿刺口感染2例占5.88%,每7 d更换敷料组患儿30例,发生穿刺口感染5例占16.67%,3组穿刺口感染率比较无显著差异.10例穿刺口感染患儿的病原学检测8例阳性,阳性率80%,均为表皮葡萄球菌,其中2例为耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌.每3 d更换敷料组患儿中4例出现表皮撕脱,每5,7 d更换敷料组患儿未出现表皮撕脱.结论 建议新生儿PICC导管每7 d更换敷料1次,敷料潮湿、松动时及时更换.

Study in influence of frequency of dressing change on PICC insertion site infection in neonates

Objective To explore the relationship between frequency of dressing change and PICC insertion site infection in neonates. Methods A prospective study was undertaken. 95 neonates were randomized into 3 groups, group 1 changed dressing every 3 days, group 2 changed dressing every 5 days, group 3 changed dressing every 7 days. Insertion site infection was observed and underwent pathogenic detection,complications associated with dressing change were also observed in all the 3 groups. Results 31 neonates were randomized to group 1 ,there were 3(9.68%)episodes of insertion site infection,34 neonates were randomized to group 2,there were 2(5.88%)episodes of insertion site infection, 30 neonates were randomized to group 3, there were 5(16.67%)episodes of insertion site infection. Rates of insertion site infection did not differ in the 3 groups.8 strains of staphylococcus epidermidis(2 of them were methicillin resistant staphylococcus epidermidis)were founded in 10 neonates who developed insertion site infection,positive rate was 80%. Skin excoriation occurred in 4 of 31 neonates in group 1,no neonates in the other two groups developed skin excoriation. Conclusions We suggest change dressing of neonatal PICC every 7 days,replace dressing if the dressing becomes damp or loosened at any time.