腰椎保护带对模拟驾驶人员腰部疲劳的预防作用

目的观察模拟驾驶前后驾驶员腰部疲劳情况,研究腰带对驾驶员腰部疲劳的预防作用.方法通过表面肌电图(surface electromyogram,SEMG)检测、问卷调查及体格检查观察12例受试对象在无腰带模拟驾驶前后以及佩戴腰带驾驶前后驾驶员相关指标的变化情况.结果受试对象不佩戴腰带驾驶前、后及佩戴腰带驾驶前、后表面肌电中值频谱(median frequency,MF)分别为(47.35±6.07)、(39.26±5.79)、(47.21±6.02)、(43.44±6.26)Hz,平均功率频率(mean power frequency,MPF)分别为(69.86±7.08)、(59.12±7.19)、(69.86±7.08)、(63.88±7.49)Hz,无腰带驾驶前与佩戴腰带驾驶前比较,差异无显著性(P＞0.05);无腰带驾驶前与无腰带驾驶后比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.01);佩戴腰带驾驶前与佩戴腰带驾驶后比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.01);无腰带驾驶后与佩戴腰带驾驶后比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.01).受试对象不佩戴腰带驾驶前、后及佩戴腰带驾驶前、后闪烁融合频率[(35.64±2.82)、(42.31±4.68)、(35.96±3.05)、(39.79±3.36)Hz]和明视持久度(65.77%±3.94%、56.83%±5.60%、65.88%±3.92%、62.27%±2.91%)等指标也有一定程度的变化.结论模拟驾驶一定时间后可以引起腰部肌肉的疲劳,腰带对模拟驾驶造成的腰部疲劳有一定的预防作用.

Effect of lumbar protective belt on prevention of low back fatigue in personnel during simulated driving

OBJECTIVE: To observe low back fatigue of subjects before and after simulated driving, and to study the role of the belt used in prevention of low back fatigue of drivers during driving. METHODS: To assess the changes in median frequency (MF), mean power frequency (MPF) of surface electromyogram (SEMG), and flicker frequency, visuognosis persistence of drivers with and without protective belt in simulated driving. RESULTS: There were significant differences in MF [(47.35 +/- 6.07), (39.26 +/- 5.79), (47.21 +/- 6.02), (43.44 +/- 6.26) Hz respectively], MPF [(69.86 +/- 7.08), (59.12 +/- 7.19), (69.86 +/- 7.08), (63.88 +/- 7.49) Hz respectively] between before and after simulated driving without or with the special belt (P < 0.01). But no differences in MF or MPF between without and with the belt before simulated driving were found (P > 0.05). The flicker frequency [(35.64 +/- 2.82), (42.31 +/- 4.68), (35.96 +/- 3.05), (39.79 +/- 3.36) Hz], visuognosis persistence (65.77% +/- 3.94%, 56.83% +/- 5.68%, 65.88% +/- 3.92%, 62.27% +/- 2.91%) had some changes too. CONCLUSION: Simulated diving could induce fatigue of back muscle in drivers. However, the protective belt can effectively prevent low back fatigue of drivers in simulated driving.