雷公藤甲素在慢性青光眼大鼠模型中对视网膜神经节细胞的保护

背景青光眼是一种以视神经损害为病理特点的常见致盲性眼病。目前，通过延缓或阻止病程的进展而保护视神经是青光眼研究的热点。目的研究中药雷公藤的有效提取成分雷公藤甲素对慢性青光眼大鼠模型视网膜神经节细胞（RGCs）的保护作用。方法选用清洁级Wistar雌性大鼠80只，采用房水释放联合激光房角光凝法建立慢性青光眼大鼠模型。右眼为激光眼，左眼为对照眼。激光光凝前3d起每日雷公藤甲素组大鼠腹腔给予雷公藤甲素5μg／kg直至处死，生理盐水组以同样的方式给予等量生理盐水。于术前，术后1、3、5d，1周及此后每周用Tono—PenXL眼压计监测眼压。激光光凝术后1、2、4、8周制作大鼠眼球视网膜铺片并行Nissl染色，对RGCs进行定量检测。结果激光眼术后1d眼压较术前增高，术后1周达高峰，持续约3周，4周时眼压恢复正常；对照眼各时间点眼压值与术前相比差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。术后各时间点雷公藤甲素组激光眼与生理盐水组激光眼间眼压的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。生理盐水组激光眼术后1周RGCs数量开始减少，术后4～8周RGCs存活数量明显下降；与生理盐水组激光眼相比，各时间点雷公藤甲素组激光眼RGCs数量明显增多，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。雷公藤甲素组激光眼与其对照眼相比，各时间点RGCs数目的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论雷公藤甲素能防止慢性青光眼大鼠模型的RGCs损伤，对RGCs具有保护作用，该作用并不依赖于眼压的下降，这可能为青光眼的治疗提出新思路。

Protective effect of triptolide on retinal ganglion cells in chronic ocular hypertension model

Background Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness,which is characterized by processing retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) loss and optic nerve dystrophy.Clinical study showed that lowing IOP can not arrest the glaucomatous damage of RGCs.To seek a neuroprotective drug is an urgent need.Objective This present study focused on the effect of triptolide,a natural biologically active compound extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii,on RGCs in glaucomatous eyes. Methods Glaucoma animal models were established in the right eyes of 80 clean Wistar rats by combination with aspiration of aqueous humor and phtocoagulation on anterior chamber angle.Wistar rats were assigned to two groups at random.Triptolide (5μg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected daily from three days before photocoagulation through scarification of animals (total 8 weeks),and same amount of physiologic saline solution was used at the same way.IOP was measured with a Tonopen XL tonometer at at 1day,3,5,7 days and weekly for 8-week duration after phtocoagulation.RGCs numbers was calculated by retinal Nissl staining.Morphology of retina in frozen section was examined under the light microscope.The experiment followed the Standard of Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. Results The IOP was elevated in model eyes from 1 day through 3 weeks after operation with statistically different in comparison with before operation(P<0.05).No obvious differences in IOP changg was found hetween the triptolide group and the normal saline group at each time point(P>0.05).The numbers of RGCs of model eyes in normal saline group decreased gradually after operation,but no evident decline of numbers of RGCs in model eyes in triptolide group. RGCs in triptolide group were considerably more than those of normal saline group in various time points after operation ( P<0. 05). However,no obvious difference in RGCs numbers was found between model eyes and control eyes in Triptolide group. Conclusion Triptolide could protect RGCs in glaucomatous eyes,and its effect does not depend on IOP in chronic glaucoma model.