呼吸内科住院患者合并医院感染的高危因素及预防对策

目的 探讨呼吸内科住院患者合并医院感染的高危因素及护理对策.方法 回顾性分析890例呼吸内科住院患者的临床资料,进行医院感染组与非医院感染组可能引起医院感染有关的因素进行比较.结果 890例呼吸内科住院患者发生医院感染50例,感染率为5.62％；以肺部感染(医院内获得性肺炎)居首位,为30例,占60.00％,其次为消化道及泌尿道感染,占20.00％、12.00％；高龄、合并慢性基础疾病、季节、创伤性诊疗操作、预防应用抗菌药物、抑酸剂及激素比例高、住院时间长(P＜0.05),是医院感染的高危因素.结论 呼吸内科住院患者医院感染率较高,护理干预的策重点在于尽可能减少和避免上述危险因素.

Risk factors for nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients of respiratory medicine department and prevention countermeasures

OBJECTIVE To explore the high-risk factors for nosocomial infections in the hospitalized patients of respiratory medicine department and the nursing countermeasures.METHODS The clinical data of 890 hospitalized patients in respiratory medicine department were retrospectively analyzed,the related factors that may cause nosocomial infections were analyzed.RESULTS Nosocomial infections occurred in 50 of 890 hospitalized patients in respiratory medicine department with the infection rate of 5.62%;there were 30(60.00%)cases with pulmonary infections(hospital-acquired pneumonia),ranking the first place,followed by enteron infections(20.00%) and urinary tract infections(12.00%);the elderly patients,combination of chronic underlying diseases,winter,traumatic operation,prophylactic use of antibiotics,high proportion of antacid and hormone,and long hospital stay were the high risk factors for nosocomial infections.CONCLUSION The incidence of nosocomial infections in the hospitalized patients in respiratory medicine department is relatively high,the nursing countermeasures should be concentrated on eliminating and preventing the risk factors.