外科手术麻醉后发生下呼吸道感染的临床分析及对策

目的 探讨外科手术麻醉后发生下呼吸道感染的因素及相应对策.方法 选取2009年1月-2011年8月于医院进行治疗的825例外科手术麻醉患者为研究对象,将其中下呼吸道感染的发生率及其发生感染的相关因素进行调查研究.结果 825例患者中共发生下呼吸道感染46例,感染率为5.58％,其中全身麻醉患者感染率为7.76％,高于其他麻醉方式,神经外科感染率为11.62％,高于其他科室,≥60岁患者感染率为7.27％,高于＜60岁患者,抗菌药物不合理应用者感染率为10.78％,高于其他患者,合并基础疾病≥2种感染率为11.24％,高于1种及无合并疾病者,急诊手术感染率为10.64％,高于择期手术,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；经合理治疗均痊愈出院.结论 外科手术麻醉后发生下呼吸道感染的因素较多,应引起重视,已经发生感染者应给予合理处理.

Clinical analysis of lower respiratory tract infections after surgical anesthesia and countermeasures

OBJECTIVE To investigate the factors and countermeasures for lower respiratory tract infections after surgical anesthesia.METHODS A total of 825 patients undergoing surgical anesthesia from Jan 2009 to Aug 2011 were chosen as the research objects.The incidence of infections and related factors for the lower respiratory tract infections were investigated.RESULTS Of 825 patients investigated,there were 46(5.58%) patients with lower respiratory tract infections,among which the patients undergoing the general anesthesia accounted for 7.76%,higher than other anesthesia approaches,the incidence of the infections in neurosurgery department was 11.62%,higher than other departments,the infection rate of the patients aged more than 60 years was 7.27%,higher than the patients aged less than 60 years;the infections rate of the patients who did no use antibiotics reasonably was 10.78%,higher than other patients;the infection rate of the patients complicated with more than 2 primary diseases was 11.24%,higher than the patients with one or without primary disease;the infection rate of the patients undergoing emergency operation was 10.64%,higher than the patients undergoing selective operation,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);all the patients discharged after reasonable treatment.CONCLUSION It is necessary to attach great importance to the factors leading to the lower respiratory tract infections after the surgical anesthesia and treat the patients with infections reasonably.