193株嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌的临床特点及药敏分析

目的 研究嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌的临床特点和耐药性.方法 采用VITEK 2全自动微生物鉴定仪对193株嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌进行分离鉴定与药敏试验,并对其标本来源、科室分布和耐药性进行回顾性分析.结果 193株嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌标本来源以痰液最多,占91.7％,其次为尿液,占4.1％；科室分布以ICU最高,占59.6％,其次为呼吸内科及神经内科,占15.0％、12.4％；嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌对左氧氟沙星和磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶敏感性较高,其敏感率分别为83.4％和78.8％,而对头孢唑林、头孢曲松、阿莫西林、呋喃妥因、亚胺培南、氨曲南和氨苄西林/舒巴坦耐药性较高,耐药率为92.2％～99.0％;对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦虽敏感率为44.6％,但中介率达41.9％.结论 嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌对多种临床常见抗菌药物呈现不同程度的耐药,加强耐药性监测,为合理经济用药提供理论依据具有重要的参考价值.

Clinical characteristics and drug susceptibility of 193 strains of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

OBJECTIVE To study the clinical characteristics and drug resistance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.METHODS A total of 193 strains of S.maltophilia were identified and evaluated by VITEK-2 system.The specimen sources,department distribution and drug resistance were reviewed retrospectively.RESULTS Of 193 strains of S.maltophilia isolated,most of which were isolated from sputum(91.7%),followed by the urine(4.1%);the isolates were mainly from ICU(59.6%),respiratory medicine department(15.0%) and department of neurology(12.4%);the drug susceptibility rates of S.maltophilia to levofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were 83.4% and 78.8%,respectively,and the antimicrobial resistance rates to cefazolin,ceftriaxome,imipenem,nitrofurantoin,aztreonam,ampicillin/sulbactam varied from 92.2% to 99.0%;the drug susceptibility rate to piperacillin/tazobactam was 44.6%,however,the intermediate rate was up to 41.9%.CONCLUSION S.maltophilia varies in drug resistance to many common clinical antibiotics;to strengthen the surveillance of drug resistance can provide theoretical basis for reasonable use of antibiotics.