下呼吸道感染病原菌的分布及耐药性分析

目的 了解住院患者下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药特点,为临床合理用药提供依据.方法 对2007-2010年住院患者下呼吸道感染痰标本所分离的病原菌进行菌种和耐药性回顾性统计分析.结果 下呼吸道感染病例中,革兰阴性杆菌感染占57.9％,真菌感染占22.6％,革兰阳性球菌感染占19.5％；检出病原菌前5位依次为:肺炎克雷伯菌占20.4％、白色假丝酵母菌占16.0％、铜绿假单胞菌占14.2％、金黄色葡萄球菌占10.6％、大肠埃希菌占10.0％；主要病原菌对常用抗菌药物存在不同程度的耐药性.结论 应加强对下呼吸道感染病原菌的监测与控制,严防耐药菌株在医院内援散流行.

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infections

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens isolated from hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infections,so as to provide basis for reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS The pathogens isolated from sputum samples from hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infections from 2007 to 2010 were collected,the species and drug resistance of those isolates were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS Of the hospitalized cases with lower respiratory tract infections,gram-negative bacilli infections accounted for 57.9%,fungi accounted for 22.6%,and gram-positive cocci accounted for 19.5%;the top five pathogens isolated were in order as follows:Klebsiella pneumoniae(20.4%),Candida albicans(16.0%),Pseudomonas aeroginosa(14.2%),Staphylococcus aureus(10.6%),and Escherichia coli(10.0%);the main pathogens varied in drug resistance to common antibiotics.CONCLUSION It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and control of the pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infections so as to prevent the spread and prevalence of resistant strains.