经辐照的同种异体血管在肝移植中的应用

目的研究经辐照的同种异体大隐静脉在肝移植中替代门静脉移植后其形态学和免疫学的改变。方法研究分为经辐照的同种异体大隐静脉移植组（n=11）（A组）、新鲜同种异体大隐静脉移植组（n=9）（B组）和新鲜自体大隐静脉移植组（n=14）（C组）进行大隐静脉移植。于移植后1周、2周、1个月、2个月、3个月5个时间点用彩色多普勒超声和免疫组织化学法观察移植大隐静脉的通畅情况及形态学变化,同时观察移植早期CD4^＋、CD8^＋T细胞浸润情况。结果A组大隐静脉无组织学改变,肉眼观察外形无明显变化。移植后3个月3组移植大隐静脉的通畅例数分别为9例、3例和12例。A组和C组移植后2周,移植的大隐静脉内膜出现内皮细胞,移植后2个月,血管内膜的内皮细胞覆盖完整;B组移植早期有淋巴细胞和炎性细胞浸润及明显的大隐静脉结构破坏,移植大隐静脉内膜未见内皮细胞覆盖;A组早期CD4^＋、CD8^＋T细胞比例明显低于B组,略高于C组。结论经辐照的同种异体大隐静脉符合理想的血管移植物的条件,同时具有较弱的抗原性,术后检测CD4^＋、CD8^＋T细胞的变化可作为同种异体血管移植后急性免疫排斥反应的免疫学监测指标。

Application of irradiated allograft vascular in the liver transplantation

OBJECTIVE: To study the substitute portal vein by irradiated allograft saphenous vein during liver transplantation and investigate the changes in morphology and immunology. METHODS: All the recipients were divided into 3 groups randomly:irradiated allograft group (n = 11) (group A), fresh allograft group (n = 9) (group B) and fresh self-graft group (n = 14) (group C). The number of non-jam graft vessels in each group was explored at 1st week, 2nd week, 1st month, 2nd month and 3rd month post-operation. Also, the infiltration of CD(4)(+), CD(8)(+) T cells and histological changes in grafted vessels were detected. RESULTS: No obvious histological changes were observed in group A, as well as under naked eyes. There were 9, 3 and 12 non-jam vessels in group A, B and C and there were significant differences between group A and B (P < 0.05). The endothelial cells of graft vessels were observed both in group A and C two weeks post-operation and covered the graft vessels two months later. There were infiltration of lymphocytes and inflammatory cells at early stage, obvious damage and no endothelial cells growth in graft vessels in group B. Compared with group B, the percentage of CD(4)(+), CD(8)(+) T cells in group A was lower significantly, but higher slightly than that in group C. CONCLUSIONS: Irradiated allograft saphenous veins have the quality of ideal vascular transplantation prosthesis and weak antigenicity at the same time. The changes of CD(4)(+), CD(8)(+) T cells after allograft vessels can be detected as immunology index for acute immunological rejection.