Evidence from thymidine labeling for continuing growth of retina and tectum in juvenile goldfish

Chronic temporal lobe seizures were induced in 11 monkeys by bilateral implantation of aluminum hydroxide into the hippocampi. With unilateral temporal lobe implants of alumina little or no epileptic activity was found; however, with bilateral alumina implants clinical seizures similar to human psychomotor attacks were initiated in either of the affected temporal lobes. Spread of alumina through the ventricles and/or tissue in some animals resulted in other seizure types, most of which could be controlled by phenobarbital, without eliminating the temporal lobe seizures. The alumina temporal lobe seizures recurred spontaneously for indefinitely long periods; however, no monkey was studied longer than 14 months. The onset of seizure activity was followed by transient anorexia and adipsia which, with large alumina volumes or other debilitating factors, could progress to fatal status epilepticus. Histology revealed that tissue reactions to the alumina included cell loss, gliosis, and neovascularization, with the most severe reaction occurring adjacent to the alumina mass. Alumina which had leaked into the ventricles in some animals reentered the brain tissue at remote sites through the choroid plexus, resulting in multiple foci.