颅脑外伤机械通气患者胃肠内营养并发症原因分析与对策

目的分析颅脑外伤机械通气患者胃肠内营养并发症的原因,并提出护理对策。方法回顾性分析68例颅脑外伤机械通气患者实施胃肠内营养发生腹胀、腹泻、便秘、反流、误吸、管道堵塞、消化道出血、高血糖、提前拔管等并发症的原因进行分析。结果主要原因为肠内菌群失调、气囊充气不足、长期卧床后肠蠕动减弱以及不习惯床上排便、液体滴注速度过快、营养液中的蛋白质凝固及患者机体抵抗力降低,加上插管创伤及禁食后机体的应激改变等因素。结论严密观察病情,加强基础护理,加强患者及家属健康指导,是预防并发症发生的关键。

Analysis and Countermeasures Mechanical ventilation in patients with traumatic brain injury complicated by enteral nutrition

Objective To analyze the mechanical ventilation in patients with traumatic brain injury complications in enteral nutrition causes and propose nursing. Methods A retrospective analysis of 68 cases of traumatic brain injury mechanical ventilation the implementation of enteral nutrition in patients with abdominal distention,diarrhea,constipation,reflux,aspiration,pipe blockage,gastrointestinal bleeding,high blood sugar, causes complications such as early extubation analysis. Results The main reason for the intestinal flora imbal-ance,lack of air bag inflated,long-term bed rest,and reduced bowel movements are not used to the bed after def-ecation,liquid drip too fast,nutrition,fluid and protein coagulation in patients with lower body resistance,cou-pled with intubation trauma and stress changes in the body after fasting and so on. Conclusion The close obser-vation of disease,strengthening of primary health care,strengthening health guide patients and their families is the key to preventing complications.