颈静脉孔及其周围区域肿瘤的显微手术治疗

目的 探讨颈静脉孔及其周围区域肿瘤的显微手术方法 和手术效果. 方法 对11例颈静脉孔区肿瘤行显微手术治疗,采用枕下乙状窦后进路2例,经颈静脉孔进路2例,颞下窝进路4例,乳突-颈联合进路3例. 结果 11例中全切除9例,次全切除2例;病理为神经鞘膜瘤4例,副神经节瘤4例,脑膜瘤1例,黏液软骨肉瘤1例,低分化鳞癌1例.术后并发脑脊液漏1例,经保守治疗痊愈,后组脑神经障碍加重2例,无手术死亡病例,术后随访8个月以上,术后听力较术前改善1例,不变6例,下降4例;9例术前无面瘫的患者,术后3例出现Ⅱ～Ⅲ级(House-Braekmann分级)面瘫,半年后恢复,2例术前有面瘫患者,术后1例改善,1例不变. 结论 根据肿瘤的性质、位置、大小、面神经功能、听力情况和后组脑神经功能,采用合适的手术进路和显微外科技术,能够充分显露肿瘤,较好地切除肿瘤,减少并发症.

Microsurgical treatment for tumors in jugular foramen and its around

Objective To explore the micresurgical techniques and outcome of tumors in jugular foramen and its around. Methods Eleven patients with jugular foramen tumors were operated through suboccipital-retrosigmoid approach (2 cases), jugular foramen approach (2 cases), temporal fossa approach (4 cases) and mastoid-cervical combined approach (3 cases). Results Nine tumors were totally removed and 2 were subtotally removed. Of those cases, there were 4 neurinoma, 4 paragangliome, I meningioma, 1 mucochondrosarcoma, and 1 low-differentiated carcinoma. Postoperative complications included transient cerebrespinal fluid leak(1 case) and new lower cranial nerve injury (2 cases). All cases were followed up for mere than 8 months. The postoperative hearing was improved in 1 case, stable in 6 cases, deteriorated in 4 cases. Postoperative facial paralysis of grade Ⅱ- Ⅲ occurred in 3 of 9 patients without facial paralysis, which recovered in half a year. Of 2 patients with facial paralysis before surgery, facial function was improved in 1 case and stable in 1 case. Conclusion Proper surgical approaches and micrceurgical techniques, which were adopted according to the types, the location, and the expansion of tumors, the function of facial nerve and lower cranial nerves, and hearing level, are good for reducing complications, exposing and removing jugular foramen tumors.