早产儿营养干预方式的研究进展

近年来，由于医疗技术的发展及社会、经济环境的变化，早产儿出生率增加，为降低早产儿宫外生长发育迟缓和神经发育落后，临床上应充分重视对早产儿出生后的营养支持方式。目前对早产儿的营养干预主要采用肠内或肠外营养。其中，肠外营养的使用按照最新中国新生儿营养支持应用指南中的推荐量，并给予早产儿个体化支持。肠内营养常用母乳及母乳强化剂、早产儿配方乳、深度水解蛋白乳及出院后配方乳。本文主要阐述早产儿营养干预的临床应用状况。

Research progress on nutritional intervention for premature infants

In recent years, premature birth rate has increased due to the development of medical technology and the change of socioeconomic environment. In order to reduce the possibilities of extrauterine growth retardation and neural development retardation among premature infants, nutrition support should be fully paid attention to in clinical settings. Currently, nutritional intervention for premature infants mainly adopts enteral or parenteral nutrition. Parenteral nutrition is prescribed according to the recommended value in China Neonatal Nutrition Support Application Guide, individualized for premature infants. Enteral nutrition commonly uses breast milk, milk supplements, premature infant formula milk, hydrolyzed protein milk and formula milk after discharge. In this review, we summarized the clinical application of nutritional intervention in premature infants.