我国农村地区艾滋病流行因素分析

目的 探讨我国农村地区艾滋病流行因素。方法 采用整群抽样，入户面对面访谈形式，对山西夏县5033名农村居民进行调查。结果 高达50％的人不知道艾滋病毒的3种传播途径，70％的人对非传播途径回答不正确。仅有6％的人对以上问题回答均正确。13％的村民有卖血史，对有卖血史村民HIV阳件率的最低估计值为2％。卖血组疑似肝炎、艾滋病各项临床症状出现率和近半年内注射史均高于非卖血组。村民外出务工期间均未使用安全套。27％的男性曾共用过剃须刀。结论 农村居民普遍缺乏艾滋病预防知识；在艾滋病毒流行区应尽快开展自愿咨询检测，这是阻断传播、提供关爱的基础；城镇用工单位应针对农民工开展浅显易懂的艾滋病宣传教育；艾滋病毒流行区要特别加强公共卫生场所卫生和基层卫生机构安全注射的监督。

Analysis on factors on HIV epidemic in rural area in China

Objective To explore the HIV epidemic factors in rural ar ea in China.Methods 5?033 rural residents were surveyed in the house hold by face to face interview using cluster sample. Results 50% of the interviewees didn't know the routes of transmission of HIV,70% didn't know the routes of non-transmission,only 6% answ ered those questions correctly.13% of interviewees had the history of selling bl ood,among whom the lowest HIV infection rate was 2%.Suspected clinic symptom of Hepatitis,AIDS and history of injecting among the people with the history of sel ling blood were much higher than those without.Other AIDS related factors was th at 9% of interviewees had the history of being migrant workers,none of them used the condom during this period of sexual behavior and 27% of male shared the ra zor.Conclusion The knowledge level of rural resident was quit e poor.Voluntary counseling and testing among the people selling blood should be conducted,which was the basis of curbing the epidemic and providing care.It was be tter that units at the city and township level provided simple information on HI V prevention for the migrant workers.Hygiene and safe injection in the area with HIV epidemic should be paid much more attention.