邯郸市541名放射工作人员淋巴细胞微核分析

目的准确评价邯郸市放射工作人员的放射损伤状况,探索职业性慢性小剂量照射对人体健康的危害。方法采用外周血淋巴细胞常规培养法,利用χ2检验分别对放射组工作人员与对照组人员、男女放射工作人员及放射诊断、放射治疗及工业探伤不同工种放射人员之间的淋巴细胞微核率和微核淋巴细胞率进行统计学分析。结果与对照组人员相比,放射组工作人员淋巴细胞微核率和微核淋巴细胞率显著升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;男性、女性放射工作人员相比,女性放射工作人员淋巴细胞微核率和微核淋巴细胞率显著升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;放射诊断、放射治疗及工业探伤各工种之间差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论放射人员存在着低剂量电离辐射损伤,尤其体现在女性工作当中,有关部门应改善放射人员的工作环境,改良他们的防护设备,提高他们的个人防护意识。

Analysis on Micronucleus of Lymphocytes of 541 Radiation Workers in Handan City

[Objective]To accurately evaluate the radiation injury status of radiation workers in Handan City,and explore the the damage to health by occupational chronic low-dose radiation[Methods]The conventional culture method for peripheral blood lymphocyte was used and χ2 test was used to analyze the lymphocyte micronucleus rates and micronucleated lymphocyte rates between radiation group workers and control group workers,between male and female radiation workers,and between radiation workers with different kinds of job such as radiodiagnosis,radiotherapy and industrial radiography.[Results]Compared with the control group,the lymphocyte micronucleus rates and micronucleated lymphocyte rates of radiation group were significantly increased（P0.01）.Compared to male workers,the lymphocyte micronucleus rates and micronucleated lymphocyte rates of female were significantly increased（P0.01）.No significant difference of lymphocyte micronucleus rates and micronucleated lymphocyte rates was found between radiodiagnosis,radiotherapy and industrial radiography groups（P0.05）.[Conclusion]Low-doses of ionizing radiation damage exists among radiation workers,especially for female workers.Related department should improve the working environment of radiation workers,improve their protective equipment,and increase their sense of personal protective.