上海市浦东新区吸毒人群HIV检测需求及其影响因素

目的对吸毒人群HIV检测的意愿进行调查,分析HIV检测的促进和阻碍因素,为今后该人群的HIV检测,干预策略的制定、落实提供参考依据。方法对浦东新区中致社管理的吸毒人员进行HIV检测和问卷调查。结果共调查吸毒人员429人,其中男性333人,女性96人;年龄分布18～64岁;有过静脉注射吸毒史人的占64.37%,而第1次静脉吸毒年龄最小的15岁,最大的52岁;在参与HIV检测的促进因素中社会工作宣传、动员起绝对主导作用,达到48.25%,共用注射器的为33.10%,担心HIV感染的为29.14%,因输血来进行HIV裣测的占20.29%,由同伴介绍和家庭鼓励支持来检测的分别占6.29%和4.43%;参与HIV检测的阻碍因素中不敢面对结果的为33.10%,担心被家庭抛弃占的25.87%,没有钱治疗的占20.05%,怕被同事歧视、不知道在什么地方检测的分别为16.32%、15.38%,担心单位开除的占6.29%,社会工作宣传、动员不到位的占4.66%,检测单位离住地太远只占3.26%。检测的429人中HIV阳性2例,阳性率为0.47%;HCV阳性130人,阳性率为30.3%。吸毒人员对自己目前的生存状态感到好和一般的分别占22.42和50.47%。结论浦东新区中致社的禁毒社会工作在促进吸毒人员进行HIV检测中作用显著;未来在吸毒人员中积极开展心理疏导,提高他们对HIV感染的预防和治疗的认识水平,勇敢面对现实,减少相关歧视,对推进在吸毒人群深入开展HIV检测具有重要意义。

Influencing Factors of The Need for HIV Test among Drug Addicts in Pudong New Area of Shanghai City

[Objective]To investigate the need for HIV test among drug addicts,to analyze its promoting and obstructing factors,and provide reference for developing and implementing interventions in the future.[Methods]HIV test and questionnaire survey were performed on addicts in Pudong New Area of Shanghai City.[Results]A total of 429 addicts,including 333 male and 96 female aged from 18 to 64 years old were investigated,64.37% had history of intravenous drug,the youngest one was 15 years old and the oldest was 52 wh...