不同类型小型机动车驾驶人员慢性疾病患病率调查

目的了解小型机动车驾驶员的健康状况。方法按照《职业健康监护管理办法》、GB18463-2001《机动车驾驶员身体条件及其评价要求》的规定,对2010年度进行的职业性小型机动车驾驶员即出租车司机568名(职业司机组)及非职业性小型机动车驾驶员(私家车司机)482名(非职业司机组)的职业健康检查结果进行分析统计,并与396名对照组工人进行比较。结果职业人群慢性胃炎、脂肪肝、高血压病、前列腺增生、妇科疾病、皮肤病及脊柱关节疾病的发病率明显高于对照组,其中最多见的慢性胃病、脂肪肝及高血压病3种疾病,患病率分别达到32.0%、29.0%、18.0%,且随着工龄的增长,患病率有增高的趋势。非职业性司机组最多见的是脂肪肝及高血压病2种疾病,患病率也分别达到24.7%、16.2%。此类驾驶员既往病史中,心脑血管系统疾病占很大比重;近1/4的人员经常饮酒、吸烟;其血压、远视力、辨色力、心电图异常率明显高于对照组。结论小型机动车驾驶员健康状况不容乐观,特别是职业小型机动车驾驶员的健康教育工作需要加强。

Investigation on Prevalence of Chronic Diseases among Drivers of Different Types of Small Vehicle

Objective]To understand the health status of small vehicle drivers.Methods]According to the Management method for occupational health surveillance and the Physical qualifications for automobile driver and their protocol(GB18463-2001),the occupational health examination results of 568 taxi drivers(the occupational driver group) and 482 private car drivers(the non-occupational driver group) were analyzed statistically,and were compared with 396 control workers.Results]The incidence of chronic gastritis,fat...