石油化工作业对工人呼吸系统的影响

目的了解石油化工作业对工人职业健康的影响,掌握作业工人的职业健康状况和主要职业影响因素。方法以某石油化工厂职工352人作接触组;以不接触职业危害因素的该厂行政干部、学校老师247人作对照组,对接触组和对照组均用统一的询问方法调查职业史、既往史、家族史、吸烟饮酒史和现病史,并进行职业健康检查。同时对职业健康影响因素进行分析。结果石油化工作业工人慢性上呼吸道疾病检出率为53.7%,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。其中慢性咽炎、慢性扁桃体炎和慢性鼻炎分别占77.2%、6.4%和16.4%。X线胸片显示两肺纹理增粗、紊乱等异常改变,接触组异常率(12.5%)较对照组(3.3%)明显增高(P<0.05)。接触组肺功能指标实测值显著低于预计值(P<0.05)。上呼吸道疾患率和肺功能异常率均随着工龄的增长而升高,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论石油化工作业对工人的呼吸系统有一定程度的危害。因此,应加强对接触者进行定期的动态观察。

Effect of Petrochemical Operations on the Respiratory System of Workers

[Objective]To understand the effect of petrochemical operations on health of workers,and grasp the health conditions of workers and the main influencing factors.[Methods]A total of 352 workers from a petrochemical plant were recruited as exposure group;another 247 administrative cadres from the same plant and school teachers were selected as control group.All of them were asked to use a unified approach to investigate the history of professional,past history,family history,smoking and drinking history,histo...