广西壮族自治区325名围绝经期女性焦虑状况调查分析

目的调查广西壮族自治区围绝经期女性焦虑状况,分析发生特点及影响因素。方法2018年7月—11月,通过偶遇抽样法选取325位广西壮族自治区围绝经期女性为研究对象。采用自制的一般情况调查表和汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)进行调查,分析相关影响因素。结果被调查的325名女性中,民族为汉族的148(45.54%)例,其他少数民族177(54.46)例。“常做噩梦、睡眠不好”、“容易衰弱和疲乏”和“因为头疼、头颈痛和背痛而苦恼”被认为是更年期焦虑的主要症状,分别占73.85%、65.85%和59.38%。被调查女性HAMA量表得分(12.08±7.64)分。汉族和少数民族女性均认为“子女成长、升学、工作等问题”是造成女性更年期焦虑症状的主要原因。结论应在寻求家庭和社会支持的基础上,为偏远地区少数民族女性提供专业的健康知识的培训和指导,进一步完善围绝经期女性健康保健知识宣传。

Investigation of anxiety status of 325 perimenopausal women in Guangxi Province

Objective To investigate the anxiety status of perimenopausal women in Guangxi Province,and to analyze the characteristics and related influencing factors of anxiety in perimenopausal women.Methods Convenience sampling was employed to collect questionnaire samples from 325 perimenopausal women in Guangxi.Perimenopausal women were surveyed with self-made general information questionnaire and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA).Results Totally 148(45.54%)Han ethnic women and 177(54.46%)minority ethnic patients participated in the survey.The most commonly recognized symptoms of perimenopausal anxiety were having nightmare and insomnia,weakness and fatigue,suffering from headache and back pain,accounting for 73.85%、65.85%and 59.38%respectively.The HAMA score was(12.08±7.64)points.Both Han ethnic and minority ethnic patients believed issues related to offspring's growth,education and employment were main causes of perimenopausal anxiety.Conclusion Based on the family supports and social investment,more health education programs should be offered to improve the perimenopausal health education for women living in rural areas.