不同职业群体心理压力的研究

目的探索我国三种不同职业群体公务员、企业员工和警察的心理压力状况。方法三种职业群体样本分别为公务员1547人，企业员工8672人，警察样本1555人。采用问卷调查法收集压力相关数据，并用t检验、方差分析等统计方法对三种职业群体的压力评估结果及在性别和年龄上的差异进行了检验。结果三种职业群体在压力反应总均分及情绪、认知、行为维度上均存在显著性差异（P〈0．01）；不同性别的公务员群体在生理、情绪、行为维度及总均分上存在显著性差异（P〈0．01），不同年龄的公务员群体在情绪和行为维度上存在显著性差异（P〈0．01）；不同性别、年龄的企业员工群体在压力评估各个维度及总均分上均存在显著性差异（P〈0．05）；不同性别的警察群体在行为维度上存在显著性差异（P〈0．01），不同年龄段的警察群体在生理及行为维度上存在显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论三种职业群体的压力状况存在较大差异，建议压力管理中根据职业特征有针对性地开展工作。

Psychological stresses of government employees, businessmen, and police officers

Objective To explore stress response of government employees, businessmen and police officers. Methods A total of 1547 govermnent employees,8672 businessmen and 1555 police officers were recruited and completed a questionnaire survey concerning psychological stress, t or F test was used for data analysis. Results There were significant differences of stress response among government employees, businessmen and police officers （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Male or female government employees showed different stress response,physiology, emotion and behavior （all P 〈 0. 01 ）. Government employees from various age group showed difference in emotion and behavior （ both P 〈 0. 01 ）. Businessmen of various gender and age were found difference of stress response at all dimensions （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Police officers of different gender showed different behavior （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion It may be necessary to carry out occupation-specific stress management for individuals.