内科住院患者心理状况评估及其影响因素的研究

目的分析内科住院患者心理评估状况及其影响因素，并给予有针对的干预。方法采用中文健康问卷（CHQ-12）、社会支持量表、疾病的认知量表，对各科对新人院病人使用以上三个量表进行问卷调查，对于CHQ-12超分者进一步行SCL-90问卷测试。比较不同性别患者心理状况差异，将其SCL-90各因子得分与其社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度、疾病认知得分进行相关性分析（r）。结果不同性别内科患者心理状况无显著差异（P〉0．05），其SCL-90各因子均与社会支持呈负相关，其中强迫症状、偏执、恐怖因子与社会支持总分、客观支持呈显著负相关（P〈0．05）；各因子还与疾病认知得分呈负相关，其中恐怖因子与疾病认知得分呈显著负相关（P〈0．05）。干预后好转率为26．2％。结论患者在患病住院的应激情况下，易出现不良情绪。因此，需完善患者住院相应支持系统，并使患者提高对疾病的认知程度，以减少对住院患者心理健康的不利影响，促进躯体疾病的康复。

Psychological status of hospitalized patients of internal medicine and its related factors

Objective To analyzing the psychological status of hospitalized patients of internal medicine and its impact factors. Methods Hospitalized patients of internal medicine underwent a survey by using Chinese Health Questionnaire （CHQ-12）, Social Support Scale and Disease-Cognition Scale. Those with a score of 〉 4 received further investigation of Symptom Check-List 90 （ SCL-90 ）. Correlation analysis was performed between all factors of SCL-90 and social support or disease-cognition scale score. Results There was no significant difference of psychological status between males and females （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. All SCL- 90 factors were negatively correlated with social support, of which obsessive, paranoid, and phobic presented stronger negative correlations with social support and objective support （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Furthermore, all factors were negatively correlated with disease-cognition scale score. A significantly negative correlation between phobic factor and disease-cognition scale score was identified （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Improvement was found in 26. 2% patients after intervention. Conclusion Patients tend to show unhealthy emotion when they are under the stress of hospitalization. Hospitalization support system may need to be improved and patients＇ cognition of disease should be increased.