浙江地区高血压及其高危因素的流行病学调查

目的探讨浙江地区高血压病发病的危险因素，为高血压病的个体化预防提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法，对来自浙江地区32个社区，35岁以上居民15083人进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查。采用Logistic回归分析对高血压的相关危险因素进行分析。结果调查资料完整的研究对象共14596例。浙江地区35岁以上居民高血压总体患病率为46．27％，男性患病率低于女性，且差异有统计学意义（43．43％：49．10％，P〈O．01）。Logistic回归分析表明：排在前3位的危险因素依次是高血压家族史、高脂血症和中心性肥胖，0R值分别为4．16（95％CI：1．80～4．72）、3．09（95％CI：1．83～4．62）和2．78（95％C1：1．55～3．01）。浙江地区的知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为56．67％，42．46％和28．88％，女性的知晓率、治疗率、控制率明显高于男性，且差异有统计学意义忙1．91、17．29、237．14，P均〈0．01）。结论浙江地区35岁以上居民高血压患病率处于较高水平，知晓率、治疗率、控制率水平较低，家族史、高脂血症、中心性肥胖是高血压预防需要重点关注的危险因素。

Epidemiological study on hypertension and its high risk factors in Zhejiang Province

Objective To investigate the association between the various risk factors and hypertension prevalence in Zhejiang Province and provide scientific basis for hypertension individual protection. Methods A total of 15 083 residents over the age of 35 years from 32 communities in Zhejiang Province were investigated via a questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory tests by multistage randomized sampling. The risk factors of hypertension were analyzed by Logistic regression. Results Complete data were obtained in 14 596 residents. The hypertension prevalence rate over 35 years was 46.27% in Zhejiang, the prevalence rate in male were significantly lower than that in female （43.43%：49.10%,P〈0.01） .The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that family history of hypertension （OR =4.16,95% CI：1.80-4.72）, central obesity （OR =3.09,95% Cl：l.83-4.62）and hyperlipidemia （0R=2.78,95% CI：l.55-3.01）were the top three risk factors for hypertension. The rates of awareness,treatment and control were 56.67%,42.46% and 28.88%, respectively. Women＇s awareness, treatment and control rates were significantly higher than man＇s （X2=1.91,17.29,237.14, P all〈0.01）. Conclusions Hypertension is highly prevalent and the rates of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension are still rather low among residents in Zhejiang area over the age of 35. And family history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, central obesity are the risk factors with high priority intervention for hypertensive prevention.