水浴酸消化-电感耦合等离子质谱同时测定全血中多种元素的分析方法研究

目的建立电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP—MS）同时测定全血中多种微量和痕量金属元素的分析方法，为开展重金属污染对人体健康的影响研究提供检测手段。方法样品经硝酸水浴消化后，以钪、锗、铑和铼作为在线内标，内标中加入异丙醇进行基体匹配，用ICP-MS测定铅、镉、砷、汞、铬、硒、锑、钴、钼、铊、锰、铜、铋、锌、铁、钙及镁等17种元素，采用全血标准物质-Seronorm^TM TraceElementsWholeBloodL-1及L-2实施质量控制。结果各金属元素线性相关系数均大于0．9995；重金属元素检出限铅、锑为2．0μg／L，铬、锰为1．0μg／L，铜为5．0Ixg／L，其他元素均在0．008～0．3μg／L之间；对标准物质7次测定结果均在标准值范围内，其相对标准偏差小于10％；在连续20h测定400份血样过程中，对同一样品间隔重复测定16次，其相对标准偏差小于10％。结论水浴酸消化一电感耦合等离子体质谱方法操作简便、灵敏度高、稳定、抗干扰性强，适用于大批量血样中多种重金属及营养元素的同时测定。

Simultaneous Determination of Multi-elements in Whole Blood by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Objectives To develop a method for simultaneous determination of multi-elements in whole blood by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Methods Blood samples were digested in a water bath by nitric acid. So, Ge, Rh and Re were chosen as internal standards. After adding isopropyl alcohol, 17 elements were analyzed by inductively coupled mass spectrometry. Standard materials, SeronormTM Trace Elements Whole Blood L- 1 and L- 2, were used as quality control. Results The correlation coefficients （R2） for all elements were above 0. 9995. The limits of detection （LOD） were 2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0 and 5.0 μg/L for Pb, Sb, Cr, Mn and Cu, respectively. The limits of detection （LOD） for other elements were all below 0.3 μg/L. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of elements in 400 whole blood samples. The relative standard deviations were less than 10% for all elements. Conclusions The proposed method was simple, sensitive and convenient for the simultaneous determination of multi-elements in whole blood samples.