2010-2012年枣庄市农村饮水安全工程基本情况调查

目的了解枣庄市农村饮水安全工程基本运行情况和水质卫生状况，掌握影响水质的主要因素，为农村饮水安全工程的建设和决策部门改善饮用水质量提供依据。方法2010--2012年对各监测点基本情况进行现场调查，采集各年度枯水期、丰水期的出厂水和末梢水进行水质项目检测，检测指标主要包括微生物指标、毒理指标、感官性状和一般化学指标共19项。结果3年共监测工程234个，检测水样936份，合格562份，总合格率为60．04％；枯水期水质合格率为66．67％，丰水期水质合格率为53．42％（P小于0．05），出厂水合格率为65．38％，末梢水合格率为54．70％（P小于0．05）。不合格项目主要为大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群和细菌总数，不合格率分别为33．01％、21．58％和15．28％。各年度合格率为分别为51．88％、60．59％和68．84％（P小于0．05）。结论枣庄市农村饮水安全工程水质合格率较低，影响水质合格率的主要因素是微生物指标，应提高对水源地的防护管理水平，加强饮水消毒。

Basic Situation of Rural Drinking Water Safety Project in Zaozhuang City in 2010--2012

Objectives To understand the basic running status of rural drinking water safety engineering projects and the main factors affecting water quality in Zaozhuang City to provide basis for decision-making on drinking water safety engineering and water quality improvement. Methods The basic situation of all monitoring spots of the project was investigated in 2010--2012. Water samples were collected from the outlet of water supply plants and peripheral water pipes both in wet season and dry season. A total of 19 indexes were detected, including microbiological indicators, toxicological indicators, sensory attributes and general chemical indicators. Results In 936 water samples collected from 234 spots and detected in 3 years, 562 of them were qualified. The total qualified rate was 60.4%. The qualified rate in dry season and wet season was 66.67% and 53.42% respectively （P less than 0.05）. The qualified rate of water from the outlet of water supply plants and peripheral water pipes was 65.38% and 54.70% respectively （P less than 0.05）. The unqualified items were Escherichia coli （33.01%） , heat resistance （21.58%） and total bacterial counts （15.28%）. The qualified rate in 2010, 2011 and 2012 was 51.88% 60.59% and 68.84% , respectively （P less than 0.05）. Conclusions The qualified rate of water in the rural drinking water safety project in Zaozhuang City was low. The major influencing factors were microbial indicators. It is important to enforce the protection of water sources and to strengthen the drinking water disinfection.