武汉市大学生对艾滋病的认知状况及影响因素分析

目的了解大学生关于艾滋病的知识、态度及行为(KAB)现况,探讨在大学生中实施AIDS健康教育的有效途径。方法随机抽样问卷调查武汉市某高校1350名大学生对艾滋病认知情况,比较性别、农村或城市生源、中学健康教育、专业、年龄、获得信息途径等多因素的影响作用,建立VFP数据库、利用SPSS13.0软件包统计分析数据。结果大学生对AIDS基本知识和传播途径总体知晓率87.5%,不同性别、不同生源、不同教育背景、不同专业及不同年级的学生间均有显著性差异(P<0.05);分别有37.3%和70.7%大学生反对婚前性行为和多个性伴侣,男女生间有极显著差异(P<0.01);大学生获得性教育和AIDS知识主要途径是报刊书籍(74.0%)、电视广播(63.3%)、互联网(51.0%);结论大学生对AIDS认知水平仍需提高,对AIDS患者和性行为的态度、行为有待改进,通过多途径针对不同情况个体化方案宣传尤其是结合专业教育是AIDS健康教育中的重要举措。

Cognitive Status and Influencing Factor of AIDS Among College Students in Wuhan City

Objective To investigate AIDS related knowledge,attitude,behavior among college students,and to discuss the effective approaches in health education of AIDS.Methods Random sampling questionnaires were carried out to investigate cognitive status of AIDS among 1,350 college students in Wuhan City,and then compared the influencing effect of multiple factors including gender,rural or urban students,background of health education,major,age,approach of gaining information,etc.All of these data were analyzed statistically by VFP database and SPSS13.0 software.Results About 87.5% of AIDS related basic knowledge and transmission route were answered correctly by them,differences between sex,life experiences,education background,major and grade were significant(P<0.05);37.3% and 70.7% students opposed sexual behavior before marriage and multiple sexual companions,and the difference between male and female students was statistically significant(P <0.01).The main approaches of gaining sex education and AIDS knowledge were books,newspapers and magazines(74.0%),telecast(63.3%),and internet(51.0%).Conclusions It is of great necessity to improve cognition of AIDS among college students.Some students should improve their attitudes and behaviors towards AIDS patient and sexual behavior.Individualized propaganda in different situations through varied approaches,especially along with professional education plays an important role in health education of AIDS.