1998～2003年海南省不同疟区居民疟疾血清学纵向调查

目的　调查海南省不同疟区疟疾流行情况 ,了解其流行趋势 ,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法　应用间接荧光抗体试验 (IFAT)对南桥、毛阳高低疟区进行纵向调查 ,并与镜检法及 PCR技术进行比较研究。结果　南桥、毛阳居民 IFAT抗体阳性率分别为 2 8.85 % (2 96 / 10 2 6 )和 6 .4 7% (6 4 /989) ,低年龄组阳性率为 9.92 % (39/ 393)和 3.98% (14 / 35 2 ) ;原虫阳性率依次为 6 .6 2 % (6 8/ 10 2 6 )和 1.4 2 % (14 / 989) ,PCR与镜检比较 ,阳性符合率为 86 .90 %。结论　南桥居民抗体阳性率和原虫阳性率均明显高于毛阳 ,显示疟疾传播仍较严重 ,毛阳疟疾虽有效控制 ,但仍有低年龄组阳性 ,说明疟疾传播尚未阻断。 PCR可用作流行病学调查和监测。

VERTICAL SURVEY OF MALARIA WITH IFAT AND PCR IN VARIOUS ENDEMIC AREAS OF HAINAN PROVINCE FROM 1998 TO 2003

Objective To understand epide m ical trends of malaria in various endemic areas of Hainan Province and provide b asis for making the measures of malaria control. Methods The vertical survey was conducted in Nanqiao Township, a high endemic area of malaria and Maoyang Town, a low endemic area of malaria by using IFA T and PCR from 1998 to 2003. The results of IFAT and PCR were compared wit h mi croscope examination. Results IFAT positive ra te of inhabitants in Nanqiao Township and Maoyang Town were 28.85% and 6.47 %, respectively. IFAT positive rates of the low age groups in Nanqiao Township an d Maoyang Town were 9.92% and 3.98%; The malaria parasite rates of inhabitant s in Nanqiao Township and Maoyang Town were 6.62% and 1.42%, respectively. T he positive coincidence of PCR with microscope examination was 86.90%. Conclusion IFAT positive rate and the malaria parasite rate of inhabitants in Nanqiao Township are higher than those in Maoy ang Town, which shows that malaria transmission in Nanqiao Township is still serious. Although malaria transmission in Maoyang Town is controlled effecti vely, IFAT positive rate of the low age is 3.98%, which proves that the malaria transmission has not interrupted yet. PCR is useful both in epidemiological su rvey and surveillance of malaria.