大气污染对学龄儿童呼吸系统健康的影响(一)

目的：探讨现有水平大气污染对儿童呼吸系统健康的影响程度，为控制大气污染的损害。保护人类健康提供依据。方法：在辽宁省大气污染程度不同的三个城市，采用整群抽样的方法每个城市大气轻，重污染区抽取6000名小学1，6年级的学龄儿童，进行儿童呼吸系统健康状况的调查。结果：本溪，沈阳两个重工业城市中，重污染区儿童的咳嗽，咳痰，持续性咳嗽咳痰的阳性率及既往呼吸系统疾病如肺炎，支气管炎的患病率显著高于轻污染区的儿童，而大连轻，重污染区的儿童呼吸系统健康状况差异无显著性。结论：大气污染可引起儿童呼吸系统疾病和症状的阳性率增高，是导致儿童呼吸系统健康损害的危险因素。

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF AIR POLLUTION ON SCHOOL CHILDREN RESPIRATORY HEALTH

Objective: To explore the effect of air pollution on children respiratory health. Methods: Three cities in the northeast of China were selected and 18000 grade 1 and 6 children were randomly selected and investigated by questionaire. Results: In Benxi and Shenyang, the positive rates of cough , phlegm and continuous cough phlegm and morbidity rate of pneumonia and bronchitis of children in heavy air pollution area were higher than those of children in light area. But the difference was not significent in Dalian. Conclusion: Air pollution can increase the positive rate of children respiratory symptom and diseases and was an important risk factor.