多环芳烃暴露与饮酒影响非吸烟人群心理健康状况的交互作用

目的  探讨多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs)暴露与饮酒影响非吸烟人群心理健康的独立与交互作用。 方法  本研究对513名广西壮族自治区(简称广西)某大型企业非主动吸烟员工进行问卷调查、心理健康评估。使用一般心理健康问卷量表评估研究对象心理健康状况；尿中羟基多环芳烃(hydroxypolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, OH-PAHs)水平作为PAHs的内暴露指标；采用logistic回归分析模型和广义线性模型分析PAHs与饮酒的独立和交互作用对心理健康状况的影响。 结果  本组研究对象年龄为(39.60±6.60)岁，44.2%的职工饮酒，饮酒者多为未婚、男性、有二手烟暴露(均有P < 0.05)。logistic回归分析模型结果显示，总体研究对象尿液1-羟基萘(1-hydroxynaphthalene, 1-OHNAP)和总羟基萘(total hydroxynaphthalene, ∑OHNAPs)浓度增加会引起人群心理健康状况不良的发生风险增高(OR=1.23, 95% CI：1.01~1.49；OR=1.10，95% CI：1.00~1.21；均有P < 0.05)。交互分析结果显示，与不饮酒组及低水平尿OH-PAHs相比，尿中1-OHNAP、2-羟基萘(2-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-OHNAP)、∑OHNAPs和总羟基多环芳烃(total hydroxypolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, ∑OHPAHs)浓度与饮酒的交互作用增加中老年人发生心理健康状况不良的风险(OR=3.91, 95% CI: 1.01~15.11; OR=3.69, 95% CI: 1.05~12.98; OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.01~3.80; OR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.06~2.93；均有P_int＜0.05)。 结论  PAHs暴露是非吸烟人群心理健康状况不良的危险因素，并且饮酒会增加PAHs对非吸烟中老年人不良心理健康状况的发生风险。

Interaction between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure and alcohol consumption: effects on mental health status in non-smokers

Objective To explore the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure and its interaction with alcohol consumption on the mental health of non-smokers. Methods A questionnaire survey and mental health assessment were conducted among 513 non-active smokers in a large enterprise in Guangxi. The general mental health questionnaire was used to evaluate the mental health status of the subjects. Urinary hydroxypolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) levels were employed as an indicator of internal exposure to PAHs. Logistic regression model and generalized linear model were employed to analyze effects of PAHs exposure and its interaction with alcohol consumption on mental health status. Results The average age of the subjects in this study was (39.60±6.60) years old. 44.2% of the subjects were drinkers, with most being unmarried, male, and exposed to secondhand smoke (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the increase of urine concentration of 1-hydroxynaphthalene (1-OHNAP) and total hydroxynaphthalene (∑OHNAPs) was associated with the risk of poor mental health (OR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.01-1.49; OR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.00-1.21; all P < 0.05). Interaction analysis showed that compared with non-drinking and low level OH-PAHs group, the concentration of 1-OHNAP, 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-OHNAP), ∑OHNAPs and total hydroxypolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (∑OHPAHs) in urine and alcohol consumption increased the risk of poor meatal health in middle-aged and older adults (OR=3.91, 95% CI: 1.01-15.11; OR=3.69, 95% CI: 1.05-12.98; OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.01-3.80; OR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.06-2.93; all Pint < 0.05). Conclusions PAHs exposure is a risk factor for poor mental health in non-smoking populations, and alcohol consumption can exacerbate the risk of poor mental health in middle-aged and elderly non-smokers exposed to PAHs.