高原地区老年抑郁症临床特点研究

目的：研究高原地区≥60岁老年抑郁症的临床特点。方法：选用青海大学附属医院、青海第三人民医院门诊和住院老年抑郁症患者150例，并引用尹秀茹、罗国军等南京脑科医院老年精神病住院病人124例进行比较分析。结果：两组老年抑郁症女性患者明显高于男性，病前大多数都有社会和心理因素。遗传因素对老年人影响相对较小，躯体不适、焦虑、疑病是老年抑郁症的共性。自杀观念、自杀行为低于平原组，差别有非常显著性（P〈0．001），迟滞高于平原组，差别有非常显著性（P〈0．001），激越低于平原组，差别有显著性（P〈0．05）。而睡眠障碍、记忆力下降在高原地区老年抑郁症中较为突出。结论：高原地区老年抑郁症与平原地区老年抑郁症不同，高原地区更易出现心境抑郁和迟滞，但激越、自杀观念和自杀行为却明显低于平原。

Clinical Characteristics of Late-life Depression at High Altitude

Objective:To compare the difference of late-life depression between high altitude and plain area. Methods: A total of 150 subjects, who were hospitalized in the affiliated and the third hospital from Oct. 2002 to Oct. 2004, were analyzed on symptoms of depression and the results were compared with the data of Yin Xiuru (Nanjing) for late-living depression study. Results: The incidence of the women depression was higher than that of the men in both the high altitude and plain group. There was same feature of discomfort, anxiety and hypochondria in late-life depression, but lower suicidal behavior and suicidal idea was found in the high altitude subjects compared with the plain subjects (P<0.001). The agitated depression was lower in high altitude than that in Nanjing (P<0.05). And the sleep disturbance, decreased memory and lag were quite clear in the high altitude. Conclusions: There is an obvious difference of late-life depression between the high altitude and lowland. The high altitude hypoxia can results in the depression symptoms such as lag, memory disable and sleep disturbance but lower suicidal behavior and suicidal idea.