中医"证"研究的发展方向--证中求病,病中求证

从中医临床科研思路与方法的角度,回顾历史,总结中医临床辨证与辨病结合的研究成果和经验,认为“证”的研究是中医临床研究中一项关键性的课题。近十几年来,西医学有关新发现疾病及其诊断方法的发展较快,而中医“证”的研究却进展滞后,究其原因主要有:(1)辨证分型固定化,不求发展;(2)辨病为主,辨证为辅;(3)只对病下药,不对症下药。针对这种情况,笔者提出开展“证中求病,病中求证”的临床研究思维方法,从辨证与辨病结合的研究实践中,不断探索未知,不断发现新的疾病和证,以提高中医临床辨病诊断和辨证诊断的水平,为中医基础理论和药学研究提供丰富的临床资源和条件,加快中医药走向世界。

Research direction for syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine: differentiating diseases from syndromes and differentiating syndromes from diseases

By historical review on integrative research of syndrome differentiation and disease differentiation and considering the scientific research method of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the syndrome is the key subject of clinical study on TCM.During the recent 10 years or more,many new diseases and diagnostic approaches have been found and developed in Western medicine,while in TCM,the advances in research on syndrome can not keep up with the requirements of clinical practice.This problem was caused by three(matters) as follows: (1) Syndrome differentiation and its classification have been conservative and lack of new discovery;(2) The thinking pattern of clinical practice has been focused on disease differentiation,and only complemented by syndrome differentiation;(3) The treatment has been concentrated on the disease instead of on the syndrome.Considering these problems,the author has put forward the thinking pattern of clinical research,that is "to differentiate diseases from syndromes and to differentiate syndromes from diseases".In this way,many new syndromes and diseases will be discovered with the improvement of disease and syndrome differentiations.These advances will provide rich resources for basic theoretical and pharmacal studies of TCM,and improve the common understanding of TCM in the world.