血液透析患者乙、丙、庚型肝炎病毒感染状况分析

目的 探讨血液透析病人（HDP）乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、庚型肝炎病毒（HGV）的感染状况、感染方式及预防措施。方法 对160例HDP及30例对照组定期预留血清，检测HBsAg、抗HBs、HBeAg、抗HBe 、抗HBc、HBV DNA、抗HCV、HCV RNA、抗HGV。结果 HDP的HCV、HGV感染率明显高于对照组（P＜0.01及P＜0.05）。HBV感染率高于对照组，但其差异显著性（P＞0.05）。血透加输血组肝炎病毒感染率明显高于单纯血透组（P＜0.01）。肝炎病毒感染率随透析时间的延长，感染率逐渐增高。结论 HDP HCV、HGV感染率高，其中输血是一重要因素，其次与血液透析本身的医源性感染有关。故应加强对献血员的筛选，尽量少输血，加强透析过程中的消毒隔离措施。

Infection of hepatitis B,C and G viruses in hemodialysis patients

Objective To study the infection of hepatitis B,C and G viruses in hemodialysis (HD) patients and look for the protective methods.Methods Hepatitis B(HB) surface antigen,HBe antigen,antibody against HBsAg,HB core antigen,HBe antigen and Hepatitis C virus,HBV DNA,HCV RNA,antibody against hepatitis G virus were detected in 160 HD patients and 30 cases in control group.Results The prevalence of HCV and HGV in HD patients were markedly higher than those in control group (P<0.01,P<0.05,respectively).But no significant variation of HBV infection was detected in the two group. Patients on HD plus blood transfusion were at increased risk of hepatitis viruses infection compared with HD alone (P<0.01).Besides,after long time hemodialysis,hepatitis viruses infection rate was significantly increased.Conclusion The infection rate of HCV and HGV in HD patients is high.It may be associated with blood transfusion as well as hemodialysis itself.So we must make a strict rule of selecting blood donors,reduce blood transfusion as much as possible and improve the disinfectious methods during hemodialysis.