杭州市1997～2003年农村农药中毒情况分析

目的了解杭州市农村农药中毒情况,为制订控制农药中毒防治对策提供科学依据.方法对杭州市1997～2003年报告的农药中毒病例进行统计分析.结果①7年来全市共发生农药中毒5882人,死亡590人.其中生产性中毒604人,男性多于女性,死亡8人,病死率为1.3%;非生产性中毒5278人,女性略多于男性,死亡582人,病死率11.0%.②生产性中毒人数以≥50岁年龄组为最高,占全部中毒人数的36.4%;病死率以＜18岁年龄组为最高,达12.5%.③引发中毒的农药每年均以有机磷类农药为首位.有机磷类农药中毒人数和死亡人数分别占总数的74.3%和84.2%.杀鼠剂中毒的排序从1997年的第8位进入2003年的第3位;④中毒地区以郊县为主,中毒和死亡人数分别占总数的93.9%和94.6%;生产性中毒第三季度的发病数和死亡数分别占全年的78.5%和75.0%;混合制剂导致的农药中毒病死率最高,达16.0%.结论杭州市农村农药中毒严重威胁群众的生命安全和健康,应采取政府干预措施,制定有效的控制对策.

An Analysis of Pesticides Poisoning during 1997 to 2003 in Countryside of Hangzhou City

Objective To provide scientific evidence of making preventive measures for pesticides poisoning.Methods The reported cards of pesticides poisoning during 1997 to 2003 in Hangzhou city were statistically analyzed.Results During the 7 years,there were 5882 cases being reported for pesticides poisoning,of which 590 cases died.The number of operational poisoning was 604 (8 cases died) and the fatality rate was 1 3%; male higher than female.The number of non-operational cases was 5278 (582 cases died) and the fatality rate was 11.0%; female higher than male.The highest number of operational poisoning located at the age 50 years old and above (36 4%); the fatality rate in less than 18 years group was highest (12 5%).The cases caused by organophosphorus pesticides ranked first each year,and incidence cases and died cases were 74 3% and 84 2% respectively.The cases caused by raticide ranked the third place in 2003 compared to eighth in 1997.Outskirts of Hangzhou city was the most serious zone of pesticides poisoning,accounting for 93 9% of incidence cases and 94 6% of died cases.The fatality rate caused by compound pesticide was the highest,reaching up to 16 0%.Conclusions The pesticides poisoning is threatening the health of people in Hangzhou city,so effective measures and government intervention should be established and carried out immediately.